OximUNO enhances the in vitro efficacy of DOX on M2-resembling macrophages. A, Simplified form of OximUNO (left) and molecular structure (right) showing St-PGA decorated with mUNO (red) and DOX (green). B, A DLS graph for measurements shown in Supplementary Table S2, indicating the uniform size of OximUNO and St-PGA-DOX. C, DOX release from OximUNO showing the drug release in PBS, intraperitoneal fluid, acetate buffer or in the presence of cathepsin B. D, CD206 expression by M1-resembling (green) and M2-resembling (red) macrophages using FC. In vitro cytotoxicity in primary human M2-resembling (MCSF + IL4 polarized; E), M1-resembling (MCSF + IFNγ + LPS polarized; F) macrophages after treatment with OximUNO (red bars), St-PGA-DOX (blue bars), and DOX (purple bars) following a 15-minute incubation, washed, cultured for additional 48 hours, and then analyzed for cell viability as evaluated by MTT assay. Error bars represent SEM. *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.001.