Results reported by prospective studies evaluating the effect of alcoholic beverages on lung cancer riska
| Study . | Comparison . | Beer . | Comparison . | Wine . | Comparison . | Liquor . | Comments . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pollack et al., 1984 (Hawaii) (11) | No relationship with beer. RRs not presented | >1.5 liters of wine/mo vs. not drinking wine | 2.2 (P = 0.03) | >1.5 liters of liquor/mo vs. not drinking liquor | 2.6 (P < 0.01) | Japanese men | ||
| Chow et al., 1992 (U.S.) (19) | Never used | 1.0 | Not evaluated | (same) | 1.0 | White M. Adjusted for never, other tobacco only, occasional/past daily use or current daily use of 1–19, 20–29, 30+ cigarettes) | ||
| <3 times/mo | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) | ||||||
| 3–5 | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | ||||||
| 6–13 | 1.7 (1.0–2.9) | 1.3 (0.7–2.2) | ||||||
| >13 | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 1.0 (0.5–1.8) | ||||||
| Used before | 1.8 (1.1–3.0) | 1.9 (1.1–3.1) | ||||||
| Mortality study. | ||||||||
| 20 yr of follow-up. Ex-drinkers did not smoke more than current drinkers | ||||||||
| Potter et al., 1992 (U.S.) (22) | None | 1.0 | Consumption was similar for cases and controls | 1+ drinks/day vs. none | 1.1 (0.6–2.3) | Nested case-control study within the Iowa Women’s Health Study. Adjusted for six categories of pack-yr | ||
| <1 beer/day | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | |||||||
| 1+ beers/day | 1.9 (0.96–3.9) | |||||||
| Prescott et al., 1999 (Denmark) (32) | <1/wk | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | RRs presented here are for M. Analyses in F were based in small number of cases | |
| 1–13 | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.8 (0.6–0.97) | 1.2 (0.97–1.5) | |||||
| 13+ | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) | 0.4 (0.2–0.86) | 1.5 (0.99–2.1) | |||||
| Woodson et al., 1999 (Finland) (33) | Highest (>11.6 g/day) vs. lowest quartile (0.01–1.6 g/day) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | High (2.1–67.5 g/day) vs. low (0.09–2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | Highest (>22.8 g/day) vs. lowest quartile (0.01–2.6 g/day) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | M heavy smokers | |
| P for trend 0.19 | P for trend 0.02 | P for trend 0.12 | ||||||
| Study . | Comparison . | Beer . | Comparison . | Wine . | Comparison . | Liquor . | Comments . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pollack et al., 1984 (Hawaii) (11) | No relationship with beer. RRs not presented | >1.5 liters of wine/mo vs. not drinking wine | 2.2 (P = 0.03) | >1.5 liters of liquor/mo vs. not drinking liquor | 2.6 (P < 0.01) | Japanese men | ||
| Chow et al., 1992 (U.S.) (19) | Never used | 1.0 | Not evaluated | (same) | 1.0 | White M. Adjusted for never, other tobacco only, occasional/past daily use or current daily use of 1–19, 20–29, 30+ cigarettes) | ||
| <3 times/mo | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) | ||||||
| 3–5 | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | ||||||
| 6–13 | 1.7 (1.0–2.9) | 1.3 (0.7–2.2) | ||||||
| >13 | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 1.0 (0.5–1.8) | ||||||
| Used before | 1.8 (1.1–3.0) | 1.9 (1.1–3.1) | ||||||
| Mortality study. | ||||||||
| 20 yr of follow-up. Ex-drinkers did not smoke more than current drinkers | ||||||||
| Potter et al., 1992 (U.S.) (22) | None | 1.0 | Consumption was similar for cases and controls | 1+ drinks/day vs. none | 1.1 (0.6–2.3) | Nested case-control study within the Iowa Women’s Health Study. Adjusted for six categories of pack-yr | ||
| <1 beer/day | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | |||||||
| 1+ beers/day | 1.9 (0.96–3.9) | |||||||
| Prescott et al., 1999 (Denmark) (32) | <1/wk | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | RRs presented here are for M. Analyses in F were based in small number of cases | |
| 1–13 | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.8 (0.6–0.97) | 1.2 (0.97–1.5) | |||||
| 13+ | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) | 0.4 (0.2–0.86) | 1.5 (0.99–2.1) | |||||
| Woodson et al., 1999 (Finland) (33) | Highest (>11.6 g/day) vs. lowest quartile (0.01–1.6 g/day) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | High (2.1–67.5 g/day) vs. low (0.09–2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | Highest (>22.8 g/day) vs. lowest quartile (0.01–2.6 g/day) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | M heavy smokers | |
| P for trend 0.19 | P for trend 0.02 | P for trend 0.12 | ||||||
Smoking-adjusted RR and their 95% CIs. For method of adjusting for smoking see Table 1 or comments in this table if study is not listed in Table 1.