Results reported by case-control studies evaluating the effect of alcoholic beverages on lung cancer riska
| Study . | Comparison . | Beer . | Comparison . | Wine . | Comparison . | Liquor . | Comments . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mettlin, 1989 (U.S.) (13) | Never | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | M and F combined adjusted for sex, pack-yr and other factors |
| <1 time/wk | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.5 (0.4–0.8) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | ||||
| 4–9 times/wk | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.8 (0.4–1.5) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | ||||
| 10+ times/wk | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.9 (0.4–2.5) | 0.6 (0.4–1.1) | ||||
| Bandera et al., 1992 (U.S.) (20) | 40+ vs. 0 beers/mo | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) | 2+ vs. 0 drinks/mo | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 9+ vs. 0 drinks/mo | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | White M |
| P for trend <0.01 | P for trend 0.4 | P for trend 0.1 | |||||
| De Stefani et al., 1993 (Uruguay) (24) | (ml of pure ethanol/day) Nondrinker | (ml of pure ethanol/day) | (ml of pure ethanol/day) | M | |||
| 1.0 | Nondrinker | 1.0 | Nondrinker | 1.0 | |||
| 1–9 | 0.7 (0.3–2.5) | 1–36 | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | 1–34 | 0.9 (0.6–1.6) | ||
| 10–59 | 1.4 (0.4–6.2) | 37–120 | 1.3 (0.7–3.1) | 35–115 | 1.3 (0.8–2.6) | ||
| 60+ (1 l. of beer/day) | 3.4 (1.3–15.2) | 121+ (1 liter of wine/day) | 1.5 (0.9–3.3) | 116+ (.25 l. liquor/day) | 1.1 (0.6–1.4) | ||
| P for trend 0.02 | P for trend 0.09 | P for trend 0.5 | |||||
| Mayne et al., 1994 (U.S.) (38) | Highest quartile compared with lowest | 1.2 | Not presented | Not presented | Nonsmokers | ||
| (CI not presented, includes one) | Adjusted for prior cigarette use. M and F combined, not adjusted for sex | ||||||
| P for trend >0.05 | |||||||
| De Stefani et al., 1996 (Uruguay) (27) | Drinkers vs. never-drinkers of beer and liquor | 1.9 (0.96–3.7) | Not presented | (same) | 1.4 (0.98–2.1) | M + F combined adjusted for sex, pack-yr and other factors | |
| Rachtan et al., 1997 (Poland) (30) | Adjusted OR not presented | Adjusted OR not presented | Nondrinker | 1.0 | F Adjusted for pack-yr and carrot consumption | ||
| 1–2 times/mo | 2.6 (1.2–5.5) | ||||||
| 1+ times/mo | 7.5 (0.8–71.0) | ||||||
| P for trend 0.003 | |||||||
| Carpenter et al., 1998 (U.S.) (31) | Never-3 drinks/mo | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | M + F adjusted for sex |
| 1–6 drinks/wk | 0.3 (0.2–0.7) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | ||||
| 1+ drinks/day | 0.9 (0.4–1.7) | 0.8 (0.3–1.9) | 1.9 (1.0–3.4) | ||||
| P for trend 0.45 | P for trend 0.66 | P for trend 0.06 |
| Study . | Comparison . | Beer . | Comparison . | Wine . | Comparison . | Liquor . | Comments . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mettlin, 1989 (U.S.) (13) | Never | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | M and F combined adjusted for sex, pack-yr and other factors |
| <1 time/wk | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.5 (0.4–0.8) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | ||||
| 4–9 times/wk | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.8 (0.4–1.5) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | ||||
| 10+ times/wk | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.9 (0.4–2.5) | 0.6 (0.4–1.1) | ||||
| Bandera et al., 1992 (U.S.) (20) | 40+ vs. 0 beers/mo | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) | 2+ vs. 0 drinks/mo | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 9+ vs. 0 drinks/mo | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | White M |
| P for trend <0.01 | P for trend 0.4 | P for trend 0.1 | |||||
| De Stefani et al., 1993 (Uruguay) (24) | (ml of pure ethanol/day) Nondrinker | (ml of pure ethanol/day) | (ml of pure ethanol/day) | M | |||
| 1.0 | Nondrinker | 1.0 | Nondrinker | 1.0 | |||
| 1–9 | 0.7 (0.3–2.5) | 1–36 | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | 1–34 | 0.9 (0.6–1.6) | ||
| 10–59 | 1.4 (0.4–6.2) | 37–120 | 1.3 (0.7–3.1) | 35–115 | 1.3 (0.8–2.6) | ||
| 60+ (1 l. of beer/day) | 3.4 (1.3–15.2) | 121+ (1 liter of wine/day) | 1.5 (0.9–3.3) | 116+ (.25 l. liquor/day) | 1.1 (0.6–1.4) | ||
| P for trend 0.02 | P for trend 0.09 | P for trend 0.5 | |||||
| Mayne et al., 1994 (U.S.) (38) | Highest quartile compared with lowest | 1.2 | Not presented | Not presented | Nonsmokers | ||
| (CI not presented, includes one) | Adjusted for prior cigarette use. M and F combined, not adjusted for sex | ||||||
| P for trend >0.05 | |||||||
| De Stefani et al., 1996 (Uruguay) (27) | Drinkers vs. never-drinkers of beer and liquor | 1.9 (0.96–3.7) | Not presented | (same) | 1.4 (0.98–2.1) | M + F combined adjusted for sex, pack-yr and other factors | |
| Rachtan et al., 1997 (Poland) (30) | Adjusted OR not presented | Adjusted OR not presented | Nondrinker | 1.0 | F Adjusted for pack-yr and carrot consumption | ||
| 1–2 times/mo | 2.6 (1.2–5.5) | ||||||
| 1+ times/mo | 7.5 (0.8–71.0) | ||||||
| P for trend 0.003 | |||||||
| Carpenter et al., 1998 (U.S.) (31) | Never-3 drinks/mo | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | (same) | 1.0 | M + F adjusted for sex |
| 1–6 drinks/wk | 0.3 (0.2–0.7) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | ||||
| 1+ drinks/day | 0.9 (0.4–1.7) | 0.8 (0.3–1.9) | 1.9 (1.0–3.4) | ||||
| P for trend 0.45 | P for trend 0.66 | P for trend 0.06 |
Smoking-adjusted ORs and their 95% CIs.