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Table 4

Preintervention and postintervention plasma levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3

	Lycopene group (n = 13) (Mean ± SE)	Control group (n = 10) (Mean ± SE)	P ^a
Plasma IGF-1 level
Preintervention	232.7 ± 20.6	199.4 ± 19.8	0.27
Postintervention	169.2 ± 23.3	139.9 ± 16.0	0.34
Percentage of change	28.8 ± 5.5	29.9 ± 5.3	0.88
P^b	0.0002	0.0003
Plasma IGFBP-3 level
Preintervention	5230 ± 244	5200 ± 403	0.94
Postintervention	3924 ± 298	4070 ± 263	0.73
Percentage of change	24.9 ± 4.7	20.6 ± 3.1	0.49
P^b	0.0002	0.0001

	Lycopene group (n = 13) (Mean ± SE)	Control group (n = 10) (Mean ± SE)	P ^a
Plasma IGF-1 level
Preintervention	232.7 ± 20.6	199.4 ± 19.8	0.27
Postintervention	169.2 ± 23.3	139.9 ± 16.0	0.34
Percentage of change	28.8 ± 5.5	29.9 ± 5.3	0.88
P^b	0.0002	0.0003
Plasma IGFBP-3 level
Preintervention	5230 ± 244	5200 ± 403	0.94
Postintervention	3924 ± 298	4070 ± 263	0.73
Percentage of change	24.9 ± 4.7	20.6 ± 3.1	0.49
P^b	0.0002	0.0001

^a

P is for comparison between intervention and control groups.

^b

P is for comparison between pre- and posttreatment values.