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Table 2.

Mean plasma concentrations of enterolactone (nmol/L) at baseline according to participant characteristics among the controls (n = 733) in a subsample from the MDC cohort

Participant characteristicsNo. of subjectsMean95% CIP*
Age (y)    0.23 
    44-50 162 22.2 19.6-24.8  
    50-55 159 20.1 17.5-22.7  
    55-60 170 19.4 16.8-21.9  
    60-65 132 18.3 15.5-21.2  
    65-70 65 16.1 12.1-20.2  
    70-75 45 22.1 17.0-27.2  
Season of blood collection    0.19 
    Winter 154 20.6 18.0-23.3  
    Spring 226 18.4 16.3-20.6  
    Summer 101 19.2 15.9-22.4  
    Fall 252 20.8 18.8-22.9  
Educational status    <0.001 
    Elementary 305 17.2† 15.4-19.1  
    Primary and secondary 226 20.0 17.8-22.2  
    Upper secondary 46 19.9 15.1-24.7  
    Further education without a degree 46 20.5 15.7-25.2  
    University degree 106 26.6† 23.4-29.8  
Smoking status    <0.001 
    Current smokers 200 16.2† 13.9-18.5  
    Ex-smokers 197 19.2 16.9-21.5  
    Nonsmokers 335 22.4† 20.6-24.1  
Alcohol consumption    0.007 
    Zero consumers 55 14.9† 10.5-19.3  
    <15 g/d 561 20.0 18.6-21.3  
    15-30 g/d 100 22.9† 19.7-26.2  
    >30 g/d 16 13.5 5.4-21.6  
BMI (kg/m2)    0.001 
    ≤25 367 22.0† 20.3-23.7  
    25-30 245 18.7 16.7-20.8  
    >30 121 15.4† 12.5-18.3  
Leisure-time physical activity    0.005 
    Quartile 1 183 16.7† 14.3-19.1  
    Quartile 2 182 20.1 17.7-22.5  
    Quartile 3 168 22.9† 20.4-25.4  
    Quartile 4 197 19.9 17.6-22.2  
Household activities (h/wk)    0.93 
    0-9 101 18.9 15.6-22.1  
    10-19 279 20.6 18.7-22.5  
    20-29 219 19.3 17.1-21.5  
    ≥30 117 19.5 16.5-22.6  
Current use of menopausal hormone therapy    0.91 
    No 553 19.6 18.3-21.0  
    Yes 133 19.7 16.9-22.6  
Current use of antibiotics    0.79 
    No 718 19.7 18.5-20.9  
    Yes 15 24.2 15.8-32.6  
Participant characteristicsNo. of subjectsMean95% CIP*
Age (y)    0.23 
    44-50 162 22.2 19.6-24.8  
    50-55 159 20.1 17.5-22.7  
    55-60 170 19.4 16.8-21.9  
    60-65 132 18.3 15.5-21.2  
    65-70 65 16.1 12.1-20.2  
    70-75 45 22.1 17.0-27.2  
Season of blood collection    0.19 
    Winter 154 20.6 18.0-23.3  
    Spring 226 18.4 16.3-20.6  
    Summer 101 19.2 15.9-22.4  
    Fall 252 20.8 18.8-22.9  
Educational status    <0.001 
    Elementary 305 17.2† 15.4-19.1  
    Primary and secondary 226 20.0 17.8-22.2  
    Upper secondary 46 19.9 15.1-24.7  
    Further education without a degree 46 20.5 15.7-25.2  
    University degree 106 26.6† 23.4-29.8  
Smoking status    <0.001 
    Current smokers 200 16.2† 13.9-18.5  
    Ex-smokers 197 19.2 16.9-21.5  
    Nonsmokers 335 22.4† 20.6-24.1  
Alcohol consumption    0.007 
    Zero consumers 55 14.9† 10.5-19.3  
    <15 g/d 561 20.0 18.6-21.3  
    15-30 g/d 100 22.9† 19.7-26.2  
    >30 g/d 16 13.5 5.4-21.6  
BMI (kg/m2)    0.001 
    ≤25 367 22.0† 20.3-23.7  
    25-30 245 18.7 16.7-20.8  
    >30 121 15.4† 12.5-18.3  
Leisure-time physical activity    0.005 
    Quartile 1 183 16.7† 14.3-19.1  
    Quartile 2 182 20.1 17.7-22.5  
    Quartile 3 168 22.9† 20.4-25.4  
    Quartile 4 197 19.9 17.6-22.2  
Household activities (h/wk)    0.93 
    0-9 101 18.9 15.6-22.1  
    10-19 279 20.6 18.7-22.5  
    20-29 219 19.3 17.1-21.5  
    ≥30 117 19.5 16.5-22.6  
Current use of menopausal hormone therapy    0.91 
    No 553 19.6 18.3-21.0  
    Yes 133 19.7 16.9-22.6  
Current use of antibiotics    0.79 
    No 718 19.7 18.5-20.9  
    Yes 15 24.2 15.8-32.6  
*

Test of differences in means (loge transformed) using the general linear model, adjusted for age and date of blood collection.

†

Indicates statistically significant differences in means at the 0.05 level using Tukey's multiple comparison test within each variable.

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