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Table 4

Phytoestrogen consumption and thyroid cancer risk among white and Asian women participating in the Bay Area Thyroid Cancer Study

Phytoestrogen (μg/day)	White women							Asian women
Phytoestrogen (μg/day)		Cases	Controls	OR^a	95% CI	Cases	Controls	OR^a	95% CI
Total Isoflavones
<1046	66	72	1.0		20	15	1.0
1047–1678	81	69	1.2	0.77–2.0	31	22	1.1	0.45–2.5
1679–2739	85	60	1.4	0.89–2.4	38	34	0.81	0.36–1.8
2740–7285	47	53	0.89	0.51–1.5	57	48	0.86	0.40–1.9
≥7286	17	35	0.49	0.25–0.99	64	69	0.67	0.40–1.9
Trend across quintiles			P = 0.09				P = 0.17
Total Lignans
<64.6	77	62	1.0		32	29	1.0
64.7–90.7	68	62	0.85	0.52–1.4	44	35	1.1	0.53–2.1
90.8–120.9	56	57	0.74	0.44–1.2	50	37	1.1	0.54–2.1
121.0–160.9	52	55	0.70	0.41–1.2	40	43	0.70	0.34–1.4
≥161.0	43	53	0.55	0.31–0.98	44	44	0.65	0.29–1.4
Trend across quintiles			P = 0.03				P = 0.13

Phytoestrogen (μg/day)	White women							Asian women
Phytoestrogen (μg/day)		Cases	Controls	OR^a	95% CI	Cases	Controls	OR^a	95% CI
Total Isoflavones
<1046	66	72	1.0		20	15	1.0
1047–1678	81	69	1.2	0.77–2.0	31	22	1.1	0.45–2.5
1679–2739	85	60	1.4	0.89–2.4	38	34	0.81	0.36–1.8
2740–7285	47	53	0.89	0.51–1.5	57	48	0.86	0.40–1.9
≥7286	17	35	0.49	0.25–0.99	64	69	0.67	0.40–1.9
Trend across quintiles			P = 0.09				P = 0.17
Total Lignans
<64.6	77	62	1.0		32	29	1.0
64.7–90.7	68	62	0.85	0.52–1.4	44	35	1.1	0.53–2.1
90.8–120.9	56	57	0.74	0.44–1.2	50	37	1.1	0.54–2.1
121.0–160.9	52	55	0.70	0.41–1.2	40	43	0.70	0.34–1.4
≥161.0	43	53	0.55	0.31–0.98	44	44	0.65	0.29–1.4
Trend across quintiles			P = 0.03				P = 0.13

^a

Adjusted for age and daily caloric intake.