Accepted and candidate human tumor viruses and selected animal model tumor viruses
| Virus family . | Causal role in human cancer . | . | Animal models . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Accepted . | Potential . | . | |||
| Adenoviridae | Subgroups B, C, D | Multiple serotypes | ||||
| Flaviviridae | HCV | |||||
| Hepadnaviridae | HBV | WHV, GSHV | ||||
| Herpesviridae | ||||||
| γ-Herpesviruses | EBV, KSHV/HHV-8 | HVS, MuγHV | ||||
| Papillomaviridae | HPV (high-risk types) | HPV (other types) | CRPV, BPV | |||
| Polyomaviridae | SV40, BKV, JCV, MCPyV | SV40, MuPyV | ||||
| Retroviridae | ||||||
| Simple | XMRV, HERVs, HMTV | ALV/ASV, MLV/MSV, FeLV/FeSV, MMTV | ||||
| Complex | HTLV-1 | BLV | ||||
| Virus family . | Causal role in human cancer . | . | Animal models . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Accepted . | Potential . | . | |||
| Adenoviridae | Subgroups B, C, D | Multiple serotypes | ||||
| Flaviviridae | HCV | |||||
| Hepadnaviridae | HBV | WHV, GSHV | ||||
| Herpesviridae | ||||||
| γ-Herpesviruses | EBV, KSHV/HHV-8 | HVS, MuγHV | ||||
| Papillomaviridae | HPV (high-risk types) | HPV (other types) | CRPV, BPV | |||
| Polyomaviridae | SV40, BKV, JCV, MCPyV | SV40, MuPyV | ||||
| Retroviridae | ||||||
| Simple | XMRV, HERVs, HMTV | ALV/ASV, MLV/MSV, FeLV/FeSV, MMTV | ||||
| Complex | HTLV-1 | BLV | ||||
NOTE: Adapted from J. Butel (57).
Abbreviations: ALV/ASV, avian leukosis-sarcoma virus group; BLV, bovine leukemia virus; BKV, BK virus; BPV, bovine papillomavirus; FeLV/FeSV, feline leukemia-sarcoma virus group; GSHV, ground squirrel hepatitis virus; HERVs, human endogenous retroviruses; HMTV, human mammary tumor virus; HVS, herpesvirus saimiri; JCV, JC virus; MCPyV, Merkel cell polyomavirus; MLV/MSV, murine leukemia-sarcoma virus group; MMTV, mouse mammary tumor virus; MuγHV, murine γ-herpesvirus; MuPyV, murine polyoma virus; WHV, woodchuck hepatitis virus; XMRV, xenotropic murine leukemia virus–related virus.