American Association for Cancer Research

Table 1

Candidate normalization genes evaluated in this study

Symbol	Gene name	Accession no.^a	Locus link	Function	Location^b	Pseudo-genes^c	Tissue^d
FLOT2	Flotillin 2	NM_004475.1	2319	May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes. May be involved in epidermal cell adhesion and epidermal structure and function.	17q11.2	No	B
ATP5B	ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, β polypeptide	NM_001686.1	506	Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The β chain is the catalytic subunit.	12q13.3	Yes	B
HSPCB	Heat shock 90-kDa protein 1, β	ENST00000265413	3326	Molecular chaperone. Has ATPase activity (by similarity).	6p21.1	Yes	B
S100A6	S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (calcyclin)	ENST00000292162	6277	May function in stimulation of Ca²⁺-dependent insulin release, stimulation of prolactin secretion, and exocytosis.	1q21.3	Yes	B
TEGT	Testis enhanced gene transcript (BAX inhibitor 1)	ENST00000267115	7009	Suppressor of apoptosis	12q13.12	No	B
CFL1	Cofilin 1 (non-muscle)	ENST00000308162	1072	Controls reversibly actin polymerization and depolymerization. It is the major component of intranuclear and cytoplasmic actin rods.	11q13.1	Yes	B and C
FLJ20030	Hypothetical protein FLJ20030	ENST00000218328	54789	Unknown	Xp11.22	No	B and C
TPT1	Tumor protein, translationally controlled 1	ENST00000255477	7178	Unknown	13q14.13	Yes	B and C
UBB ^e	Ubiquitin B	NM_018955.1	7314	Protein degradation	17p11.2	Yes	B and C
UBC ^e	Ubiquitin C	ENST00000280590	7316	Protein degradation	12q24.31	Yes	B and C
RPS13 ^f	Ribosomal protein S13	NM_001017.2	6207	Encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit	11p15.1	Yes	B and C
RPS23 ^f	Ribosomal protein S23	NM_001025.1	6228	Encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit	5q14.2	Yes	B and C
GAPD	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	NM_002046	2597	Catalyzes the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate	12p13.31	Yes	B and C
ACTB	Actin, β	NM_001101.2	60	Cytoskeletal structural protein involved in various types of cell motility	7p22.1	Yes	B and C
CLTC	Clathrin, heavy polypeptide (Hc)	NM_004859.1	1213	Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles.	17q23.2	Yes	C
NACA	Nascent-polypeptide-associated complex alpha polypeptide	ENST00000228312	4666	The nascent-polypeptide-associated complex binds newly synthesized polypeptide chains as they emerge from the ribosome and prevents them from being incorrectly translocated to the endoplasmic reticulum	12q13.3	Yes	C
SUI1	Putative translation initiation factor	ENST0000031083	10209	May act as a negative growth regulator	17q21.2	Yes	C
TUBA6	Tubulin alpha 6	ENST00000301072	84790	Cytoskeletal structural protein	12q13.12	Yes	C

Symbol	Gene name	Accession no.^a	Locus link	Function	Location^b	Pseudo-genes^c	Tissue^d
FLOT2	Flotillin 2	NM_004475.1	2319	May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes. May be involved in epidermal cell adhesion and epidermal structure and function.	17q11.2	No	B
ATP5B	ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, β polypeptide	NM_001686.1	506	Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The β chain is the catalytic subunit.	12q13.3	Yes	B
HSPCB	Heat shock 90-kDa protein 1, β	ENST00000265413	3326	Molecular chaperone. Has ATPase activity (by similarity).	6p21.1	Yes	B
S100A6	S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (calcyclin)	ENST00000292162	6277	May function in stimulation of Ca²⁺-dependent insulin release, stimulation of prolactin secretion, and exocytosis.	1q21.3	Yes	B
TEGT	Testis enhanced gene transcript (BAX inhibitor 1)	ENST00000267115	7009	Suppressor of apoptosis	12q13.12	No	B
CFL1	Cofilin 1 (non-muscle)	ENST00000308162	1072	Controls reversibly actin polymerization and depolymerization. It is the major component of intranuclear and cytoplasmic actin rods.	11q13.1	Yes	B and C
FLJ20030	Hypothetical protein FLJ20030	ENST00000218328	54789	Unknown	Xp11.22	No	B and C
TPT1	Tumor protein, translationally controlled 1	ENST00000255477	7178	Unknown	13q14.13	Yes	B and C
UBB ^e	Ubiquitin B	NM_018955.1	7314	Protein degradation	17p11.2	Yes	B and C
UBC ^e	Ubiquitin C	ENST00000280590	7316	Protein degradation	12q24.31	Yes	B and C
RPS13 ^f	Ribosomal protein S13	NM_001017.2	6207	Encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit	11p15.1	Yes	B and C
RPS23 ^f	Ribosomal protein S23	NM_001025.1	6228	Encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit	5q14.2	Yes	B and C
GAPD	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	NM_002046	2597	Catalyzes the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate	12p13.31	Yes	B and C
ACTB	Actin, β	NM_001101.2	60	Cytoskeletal structural protein involved in various types of cell motility	7p22.1	Yes	B and C
CLTC	Clathrin, heavy polypeptide (Hc)	NM_004859.1	1213	Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles.	17q23.2	Yes	C
NACA	Nascent-polypeptide-associated complex alpha polypeptide	ENST00000228312	4666	The nascent-polypeptide-associated complex binds newly synthesized polypeptide chains as they emerge from the ribosome and prevents them from being incorrectly translocated to the endoplasmic reticulum	12q13.3	Yes	C
SUI1	Putative translation initiation factor	ENST0000031083	10209	May act as a negative growth regulator	17q21.2	Yes	C
TUBA6	Tubulin alpha 6	ENST00000301072	84790	Cytoskeletal structural protein	12q13.12	Yes	C

Primer design based on this sequence. The database sources are the NCBI Reference Sequence database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/RefSeq/) and the Ensembl database (http://www.ensembl.org/).

Ensembl cytogenetic band.

Determined by BLAT search of Human June 2002 Freeze (Ref. 14).

Identified from bladder (B) and colon (C).

Genes belonging to the same functional class.

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