Association of recent alcoholic beverage consumption and breast cancer risk
| Drinks per week . | All women . | . | . | Premenopausal women . | . | . | Postmenopausal women*,† . | . | . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Cases (n = 6,327) . | Controls (n = 7,558) . | OR‡ (95% CI) . | Cases (n = 2,462) . | Controls (n = 2,925) . | OR‡ (95% CI) . | Cases (n = 3,449) . | Controls (n = 4,162) . | OR‡ (95% CI) . | |||||||||
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | |||||||||||||
| All alcohol | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nondrinkers | 1,122 (18) | 1,379 (18) | 1 | 351 (14) | 424 (15) | 1 | 709 (21) | 876 (21) | 1 | |||||||||
| <1 | 2,129 (34) | 2,712 (36) | 0.94 (0.85-1.04) | 894 (36) | 1,045 (36) | 1.02 (0.86-1.22) | 1,106 (32) | 1,480 (36) | 0.90 (0.79-1.02) | |||||||||
| 1-3.4 | 1,450 (23) | 1,731 (23) | 0.99 (0.88-1.10) | 592 (24) | 767 (26) | 0.90 (0.75-1.08) | 745 (22) | 863 (21) | 1.03 (0.89-1.19) | |||||||||
| 3.5-6.9 | 702 (11) | 793 (11) | 1.02 (0.90-1.17) | 306 (12) | 363 (12) | 0.96 (0.78-1.19) | 345 (10) | 384 (9) | 1.05 (0.88-1.26) | |||||||||
| 7-13.9 | 619 (10) | 658 (9) | 1.11 (0.97-1.28) | 221 (9) | 223 (8) | 1.17 (0.92-1.48) | 355 (10) | 395 (10) | 1.07 (0.89-1.28) | |||||||||
| ≥14 | 305 (5) | 285 (4) | 1.24 (1.03-1.49) | 98 (4) | 103 (4) | 1.10 (0.80-1.52) | 189 (6) | 164 (4) | 1.37 (1.08-1.73) | |||||||||
| Ptrend | 0.003 | 0.55 | 0.004 | |||||||||||||||
| 1-drink increase | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | |||||||||||||||
| Wine | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nondrinkers | 1,122 (18) | 1,379 (18) | 1 | 351 (14) | 424 (15) | 1 | 709 (21) | 876 (21) | 1 | |||||||||
| <1 | 2,455 (39) | 2,920 (39) | 1.03 (0.94-1.12) | 1,021 (42) | 1,183 (40) | 1.09 (0.95-1.26) | 1,283 (37) | 1,550 (37) | 0.97 (0.86-1.09) | |||||||||
| 1-3.4 | 1,048 (17) | 1,248 (17) | 1.00 (0.89-1.11) | 424 (17) | 546 (19) | 0.98 (0.82-1.17) | 538 (16) | 634 (15) | 0.95 (0.81-1.11) | |||||||||
| 3.5-6.9 | 343 (5) | 363 (5) | 1.13 (0.95-1.34) | 134 (5) | 149 (5) | 1.15 (0.87-1.50) | 179 (5) | 192 (5) | 1.05 (0.83-1.33) | |||||||||
| 7-13.9 | 256 (4) | 299 (4) | 1.07 (0.89-1.29) | 90 (4) | 86 (3) | 1.42 (1.02-1.96) | 147 (4) | 192 (5) | 0.93 (0.73-1.19) | |||||||||
| ≥14 | 82 (1) | 70 (1) | 1.37 (0.98-1.91) | 29 (1) | 24 (1) | 1.58 (0.90-2.79) | 47 (1) | 43 (1) | 1.23 (0.80-1.90) | |||||||||
| Ptrend | 0.20 | 0.12 | 84 | |||||||||||||||
| 1-drink increase | 1.01 (0.99-1.02) | 1.00 (0.99-1.02) | 1.01 (0.99-1.03) | |||||||||||||||
| Beer | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nondrinkers | 1,122 (18) | 1,379 (18) | 1 | 351 (14) | 424 (15) | 1 | 709 (21) | 876 (21) | 1 | |||||||||
| <1 | 1,756 (28) | 2,040 (27) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) | 714 (29) | 870 (30) | 0.92 (0.80-1.05) | 916 (27) | 1,044 (25) | 1.05 (0.94-1.18) | |||||||||
| 1-3.4 | 754 (12) | 836 (11) | 1.06 (0.95-1.20) | 359 (15) | 444 (15) | 0.91 (0.77-1.08) | 345 (10) | 346 (8) | 1.21 (1.02-1.44) | |||||||||
| 3.5-6.9 | 163 (3) | 210 (3) | 0.90 (0.72-1.12) | 105 (4) | 120 (4) | 0.91 (0.69-1.21) | 48 (1) | 76 (2) | 0.81 (0.55-1.17) | |||||||||
| 7-13.9 | 129 (2) | 139 (2) | 1.08 (0.84-1.39) | 52 (2) | 55 (2) | 1.05 (0.71-1.56) | 66 (2) | 74 (2) | 1.08 (0.76-1.52) | |||||||||
| ≥14 | 82 (1) | 84 (1) | 1.12 (0.81-1.53) | 32 (1) | 39 (1) | 0.89 (0.55-1.45) | 45 (1) | 39 (1) | 1.44 (0.92-2.25) | |||||||||
| Ptrend | 0.55 | 0.28 | 0.11 | |||||||||||||||
| 1-drink increase | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 1.01 (0.99-1.02) | 1.01 (1.00-1.03) | |||||||||||||||
| Liquor | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nondrinkers | 1,122 (18) | 1,379 (18) | 1 | 351 (14) | 424 (15) | 1 | 709 (21) | 876 (21) | 1 | |||||||||
| <1 | 2,463 (39) | 3,132 (41) | 0.90 (0.83-0.98) | 1,098 (45) | 1,371 (47) | 0.90 (0.79-1.02) | 1,186 (34) | 1,529 (37) | 0.93 (0.83-1.04) | |||||||||
| 1-3.4 | 940 (15) | 1,044 (14) | 1.00 (0.90-1.12) | 334 (14) | 402 (14) | 0.92 (0.77-1.11) | 541 (16) | 582 (14) | 1.07 (0.92-1.24) | |||||||||
| 3.5-6.9 | 154 (2) | 146 (2) | 1.14 (0.90-1.44) | 55 (2) | 61 (2) | 0.93 (0.63-1.37) | 93 (3) | 75 (2) | 1.40 (1.02-1.93) | |||||||||
| 7-13.9 | 162 (3) | 175 (2) | 1.00 (0.80-1.26) | 37 (2) | 38 (1) | 1.00 (0.62-1.60) | 115 (3) | 131 (3) | 0.98 (0.75-1.29) | |||||||||
| ≥14 | 95 (2) | 73 (1) | 1.41 (1.03-1.94) | 18 (1) | 19 (1) | 1.10 (0.56-2.13) | 74 (2) | 50 (1) | 1.63 (1.12-2.38) | |||||||||
| Ptrend | 0.28 | 0.37 | 0.04 | |||||||||||||||
| 1-drink increase | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.99 (0.97-1.02) | 1.03 (1.01-1.05) | |||||||||||||||
| Drinks per week . | All women . | . | . | Premenopausal women . | . | . | Postmenopausal women*,† . | . | . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Cases (n = 6,327) . | Controls (n = 7,558) . | OR‡ (95% CI) . | Cases (n = 2,462) . | Controls (n = 2,925) . | OR‡ (95% CI) . | Cases (n = 3,449) . | Controls (n = 4,162) . | OR‡ (95% CI) . | |||||||||
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | |||||||||||||
| All alcohol | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nondrinkers | 1,122 (18) | 1,379 (18) | 1 | 351 (14) | 424 (15) | 1 | 709 (21) | 876 (21) | 1 | |||||||||
| <1 | 2,129 (34) | 2,712 (36) | 0.94 (0.85-1.04) | 894 (36) | 1,045 (36) | 1.02 (0.86-1.22) | 1,106 (32) | 1,480 (36) | 0.90 (0.79-1.02) | |||||||||
| 1-3.4 | 1,450 (23) | 1,731 (23) | 0.99 (0.88-1.10) | 592 (24) | 767 (26) | 0.90 (0.75-1.08) | 745 (22) | 863 (21) | 1.03 (0.89-1.19) | |||||||||
| 3.5-6.9 | 702 (11) | 793 (11) | 1.02 (0.90-1.17) | 306 (12) | 363 (12) | 0.96 (0.78-1.19) | 345 (10) | 384 (9) | 1.05 (0.88-1.26) | |||||||||
| 7-13.9 | 619 (10) | 658 (9) | 1.11 (0.97-1.28) | 221 (9) | 223 (8) | 1.17 (0.92-1.48) | 355 (10) | 395 (10) | 1.07 (0.89-1.28) | |||||||||
| ≥14 | 305 (5) | 285 (4) | 1.24 (1.03-1.49) | 98 (4) | 103 (4) | 1.10 (0.80-1.52) | 189 (6) | 164 (4) | 1.37 (1.08-1.73) | |||||||||
| Ptrend | 0.003 | 0.55 | 0.004 | |||||||||||||||
| 1-drink increase | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | |||||||||||||||
| Wine | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nondrinkers | 1,122 (18) | 1,379 (18) | 1 | 351 (14) | 424 (15) | 1 | 709 (21) | 876 (21) | 1 | |||||||||
| <1 | 2,455 (39) | 2,920 (39) | 1.03 (0.94-1.12) | 1,021 (42) | 1,183 (40) | 1.09 (0.95-1.26) | 1,283 (37) | 1,550 (37) | 0.97 (0.86-1.09) | |||||||||
| 1-3.4 | 1,048 (17) | 1,248 (17) | 1.00 (0.89-1.11) | 424 (17) | 546 (19) | 0.98 (0.82-1.17) | 538 (16) | 634 (15) | 0.95 (0.81-1.11) | |||||||||
| 3.5-6.9 | 343 (5) | 363 (5) | 1.13 (0.95-1.34) | 134 (5) | 149 (5) | 1.15 (0.87-1.50) | 179 (5) | 192 (5) | 1.05 (0.83-1.33) | |||||||||
| 7-13.9 | 256 (4) | 299 (4) | 1.07 (0.89-1.29) | 90 (4) | 86 (3) | 1.42 (1.02-1.96) | 147 (4) | 192 (5) | 0.93 (0.73-1.19) | |||||||||
| ≥14 | 82 (1) | 70 (1) | 1.37 (0.98-1.91) | 29 (1) | 24 (1) | 1.58 (0.90-2.79) | 47 (1) | 43 (1) | 1.23 (0.80-1.90) | |||||||||
| Ptrend | 0.20 | 0.12 | 84 | |||||||||||||||
| 1-drink increase | 1.01 (0.99-1.02) | 1.00 (0.99-1.02) | 1.01 (0.99-1.03) | |||||||||||||||
| Beer | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nondrinkers | 1,122 (18) | 1,379 (18) | 1 | 351 (14) | 424 (15) | 1 | 709 (21) | 876 (21) | 1 | |||||||||
| <1 | 1,756 (28) | 2,040 (27) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) | 714 (29) | 870 (30) | 0.92 (0.80-1.05) | 916 (27) | 1,044 (25) | 1.05 (0.94-1.18) | |||||||||
| 1-3.4 | 754 (12) | 836 (11) | 1.06 (0.95-1.20) | 359 (15) | 444 (15) | 0.91 (0.77-1.08) | 345 (10) | 346 (8) | 1.21 (1.02-1.44) | |||||||||
| 3.5-6.9 | 163 (3) | 210 (3) | 0.90 (0.72-1.12) | 105 (4) | 120 (4) | 0.91 (0.69-1.21) | 48 (1) | 76 (2) | 0.81 (0.55-1.17) | |||||||||
| 7-13.9 | 129 (2) | 139 (2) | 1.08 (0.84-1.39) | 52 (2) | 55 (2) | 1.05 (0.71-1.56) | 66 (2) | 74 (2) | 1.08 (0.76-1.52) | |||||||||
| ≥14 | 82 (1) | 84 (1) | 1.12 (0.81-1.53) | 32 (1) | 39 (1) | 0.89 (0.55-1.45) | 45 (1) | 39 (1) | 1.44 (0.92-2.25) | |||||||||
| Ptrend | 0.55 | 0.28 | 0.11 | |||||||||||||||
| 1-drink increase | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 1.01 (0.99-1.02) | 1.01 (1.00-1.03) | |||||||||||||||
| Liquor | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nondrinkers | 1,122 (18) | 1,379 (18) | 1 | 351 (14) | 424 (15) | 1 | 709 (21) | 876 (21) | 1 | |||||||||
| <1 | 2,463 (39) | 3,132 (41) | 0.90 (0.83-0.98) | 1,098 (45) | 1,371 (47) | 0.90 (0.79-1.02) | 1,186 (34) | 1,529 (37) | 0.93 (0.83-1.04) | |||||||||
| 1-3.4 | 940 (15) | 1,044 (14) | 1.00 (0.90-1.12) | 334 (14) | 402 (14) | 0.92 (0.77-1.11) | 541 (16) | 582 (14) | 1.07 (0.92-1.24) | |||||||||
| 3.5-6.9 | 154 (2) | 146 (2) | 1.14 (0.90-1.44) | 55 (2) | 61 (2) | 0.93 (0.63-1.37) | 93 (3) | 75 (2) | 1.40 (1.02-1.93) | |||||||||
| 7-13.9 | 162 (3) | 175 (2) | 1.00 (0.80-1.26) | 37 (2) | 38 (1) | 1.00 (0.62-1.60) | 115 (3) | 131 (3) | 0.98 (0.75-1.29) | |||||||||
| ≥14 | 95 (2) | 73 (1) | 1.41 (1.03-1.94) | 18 (1) | 19 (1) | 1.10 (0.56-2.13) | 74 (2) | 50 (1) | 1.63 (1.12-2.38) | |||||||||
| Ptrend | 0.28 | 0.37 | 0.04 | |||||||||||||||
| 1-drink increase | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.99 (0.97-1.02) | 1.03 (1.01-1.05) | |||||||||||||||
For the test of the interaction between total alcohol consumption (continuous) and menopausal status P = 0.05.
For the test of the interaction between alcohol consumption (continuous) and menopausal status: all alcohol, P = 0.05; wine, P = 0.89; beer, P = 0.89; liquor, P = 0.03.
Adjusted for age, state, family history of breast cancer, age at menarche, age at first birth, parity, menopausal status, age at menopause, postmenopausal hormone use, body mass index, education, wine, beer, and liquor consumption.