Galactose consumption and testicular cancer
| Quartile (g/mo) . | . | Complete study . | . | . | Seminoma . | . | . | Nonseminoma . | . | . | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Cases . | Controls . | RR* (95% CI) . | Cases . | Controls . | RR (95% CI) . | Cases . | Controls . | RR (95% CI) . | ||||||||||
| Consumption at age 17 y (index persons)† | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤81 | 1 | 39 | 145 | 1.00 | 20 | 129 | 1.00 | 19 | 114 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
| [81-168] | 2 | 42 | 146 | 1.02 (0.60-1.72) | 26 | 138 | 1.26 (0.66-2.42) | 16 | 124 | 0.68 (0.31-1.49) | ||||||||||
| [168-254] | 3 | 42 | 146 | 1.03 (0.61-1.73) | 28 | 134 | 1.59 (0.82-3.06) | 14 | 131 | 0.46 (0.20-1.04) | ||||||||||
| [254+] | 4 | 69 | 146 | 1.46 (0.89-2.39) | 49 | 136 | 2.68 (1.44-4.99) | 20 | 136 | 0.55 (0.25-1.19) | ||||||||||
| Unknown | 77 | 214 | 47 | 188 | 30 | 177 | ||||||||||||||
| RR per 200 g/mo | 1.33 (0.99-1.78) | 2.01 (1.41-2.86) | 0.62 (0.38-1.02) | |||||||||||||||||
| RR per 200 g/mo‡ | 1.32 (0.97-1.78) | 2.02 (1.41-2.91) | 0.58 (0.35-0.97) | |||||||||||||||||
| Consumption at age 17 y (mothers)§ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤138 | 1 | 26 | 56 | 1.00 | 14 | 51 | 1.00 | 12 | 54 | |||||||||||
| [138-245] | 2 | 34 | 56 | 1.28 (0.64-2.57) | 21 | 53 | 1.40 (0.57-3.40) | 13 | 52 | 1.43 (0.53-3.86) | ||||||||||
| [245-318] | 3 | 20 | 56 | 0.73 (0.34-1.55) | 8 | 55 | 0.56 (0.20-1.59) | 12 | 55 | 0.92 (0.33-2.54) | ||||||||||
| [318+] | 4 | 33 | 56 | 1.36 (0.66-2.79) | 23 | 55 | 2.36 (0.94-5.97) | 10 | 52 | 0.79 (0.28-2.23) | ||||||||||
| Unknown | 55 | 89 | 38 | 87 | 17 | 83 | ||||||||||||||
| RR per 200 g/mo | 1.19 (0.80-1.78) | 1.54 (0.93-2.56) | 0.92 (0.51-1.66) | |||||||||||||||||
| RR per 200 g/mo† | 1.20 (0.79-1.83) | 1.58 (0.92-2.72) | 0.93 (0.51-1.68) | |||||||||||||||||
| Quartile (g/mo) . | . | Complete study . | . | . | Seminoma . | . | . | Nonseminoma . | . | . | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Cases . | Controls . | RR* (95% CI) . | Cases . | Controls . | RR (95% CI) . | Cases . | Controls . | RR (95% CI) . | ||||||||||
| Consumption at age 17 y (index persons)† | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤81 | 1 | 39 | 145 | 1.00 | 20 | 129 | 1.00 | 19 | 114 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
| [81-168] | 2 | 42 | 146 | 1.02 (0.60-1.72) | 26 | 138 | 1.26 (0.66-2.42) | 16 | 124 | 0.68 (0.31-1.49) | ||||||||||
| [168-254] | 3 | 42 | 146 | 1.03 (0.61-1.73) | 28 | 134 | 1.59 (0.82-3.06) | 14 | 131 | 0.46 (0.20-1.04) | ||||||||||
| [254+] | 4 | 69 | 146 | 1.46 (0.89-2.39) | 49 | 136 | 2.68 (1.44-4.99) | 20 | 136 | 0.55 (0.25-1.19) | ||||||||||
| Unknown | 77 | 214 | 47 | 188 | 30 | 177 | ||||||||||||||
| RR per 200 g/mo | 1.33 (0.99-1.78) | 2.01 (1.41-2.86) | 0.62 (0.38-1.02) | |||||||||||||||||
| RR per 200 g/mo‡ | 1.32 (0.97-1.78) | 2.02 (1.41-2.91) | 0.58 (0.35-0.97) | |||||||||||||||||
| Consumption at age 17 y (mothers)§ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤138 | 1 | 26 | 56 | 1.00 | 14 | 51 | 1.00 | 12 | 54 | |||||||||||
| [138-245] | 2 | 34 | 56 | 1.28 (0.64-2.57) | 21 | 53 | 1.40 (0.57-3.40) | 13 | 52 | 1.43 (0.53-3.86) | ||||||||||
| [245-318] | 3 | 20 | 56 | 0.73 (0.34-1.55) | 8 | 55 | 0.56 (0.20-1.59) | 12 | 55 | 0.92 (0.33-2.54) | ||||||||||
| [318+] | 4 | 33 | 56 | 1.36 (0.66-2.79) | 23 | 55 | 2.36 (0.94-5.97) | 10 | 52 | 0.79 (0.28-2.23) | ||||||||||
| Unknown | 55 | 89 | 38 | 87 | 17 | 83 | ||||||||||||||
| RR per 200 g/mo | 1.19 (0.80-1.78) | 1.54 (0.93-2.56) | 0.92 (0.51-1.66) | |||||||||||||||||
| RR per 200 g/mo† | 1.20 (0.79-1.83) | 1.58 (0.92-2.72) | 0.93 (0.51-1.68) | |||||||||||||||||
All RR estimates and 95% CIs are based on the matched evaluation and are adjusted for highest professional degree and self-reported height 1 year before interview.
Based on all food items containing galactose (soft cheese, cheese, yoghurt, milk, low-fat milk, cacao, butter, and cream).
RR estimates and 95% CIs are based on the matched evaluation and are adjusted for highest professional degree, self-reported height 1 year before interview, history of familial testicular cancer, and history of cryptorchidism.
Based on the items milk, low-fat milk, cacao, soft cheese, and yoghurt.