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Table 4.

Intake of foods in selected botanical groups among women in Shanghai, China and risk of breast cancer

Quartiles of intake
Servings per day1234P for trend
Araliaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 286/861 92/209    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 1.56 (1.07-2.29)   0.03 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 1.59 (1.08-2.34)   0.02 
Compositae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 25/31 353/1039    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.58 (0.29-1.18)   0.13 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.58 (0.28-1.17)   0.13 
Convovulaceae/ Dioscoreaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 99/305 279/765    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.92 (0.65-1.30)   0.64 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.94 (0.66-1.33)   0.72 
Crucifeae ≤3.1/wk <4.8/wk <1.04/d ≥1.04/d  
    No. cases/controls 98/269 98/267 103/269 79/265  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 1.22 (0.76-1.95) 1.19 (0.72-1.95) 1.04 (0.60-1.81) 0.93 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 1.24 (0.77-1.99) 1.21 (0.74-2.00) 1.08 (0.62-1.89) 0.83 
Cucurbitaceae ≤2.8/wk <3.6/wk <4.7/wk ≥4.7/wk  
    No. cases/controls 119/268 95/267 90/268 74/267  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.84 (0.52-1.33) 0.81 (0.48-1.35) 0.73 (0.43-1.24) 0.27 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.84 (0.53-1.35) 0.81 (0.49-1.37) 0.74 (0.43-1.26) 0.29 
Ebenaceae ≤2/y <4/y ≥4/y   
    No. cases/controls 224/586 53/163 101/321   
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.89 (0.55-1.44) 0.60 (0.42-0.86)  0.006 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.88 (0.54-1.42) 0.60 (0.42-0.86)  0.006 
Laminariaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 117/248 261/822    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.78 (0.55-1.12)   0.18 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.79 (0.55-1.13)   0.19 
Liliaceae ≥3.2/mo <3/wk <1/d ≥1/d  
    No. cases/controls 135/267 94/272 84/273 65/258  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.65 (0.43-0.99) 1.40 (0.90-2.18) 0.81 (0.49-1.33) 0.86 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.65 (0.43-0.99) 1.39 (0.90-2.17) 0.80 (0.48-1.32) 0.89 
Musacea ≤8/y <2/mo <1/wk ≥1/wk  
    No. cases/controls 96/252 90/253 78/229 114/336  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 1.16 (0.74-1.83) 0.99 (0.62-1.56) 1.27 (0.82-1.98) 0.32 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 1.19 (0.75-1.87) 0.99 (0.62-1.57) 1.29 (0.83-2.01) 0.39 
Nymphaeaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 78/157 300/913    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.61 (0.41-0.92)   0.02 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.61 (0.40-0.91)   0.02 
Rosaceae ≤4.1/mo <1.9/wk <3.6/wk ≥3.6/wk  
    No. cases/controls 102/265 74/270 97/269 105/266  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.67 (0.42-1.10) 0.63 (0.39-1.01) 0.70 (0.42-1.18) 0.18 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.66 (0.40-1.07) 0.60 (0.37-0.97) 0.67 (0.40-1.13) 0.14 
Rutaceae ≤1.1/mo <2.9/mo <1/wk ≥1/wk  
    No. cases/controls 103/282 102/348 58/175 115/265  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.94 (0.61-1.45) 0.84 (0.50-1.42) 0.91 (0.58-1.43) 0.64 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.93 (0.60-1.44) 0.83 (0.48-1.40) 0.91 (0.58-1.43) 0.64 
Sapindaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 83/138 295/932    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.87 (0.58-1.30)   0.49 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.86 (0.58-1.29)   0.46 
Solanaceae ≤1.5/wk <2.5/wk <3.5/wk ≥3.5/wk  
    No. cases/controls 134/268 88/264 81/273 75/265  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.94 (0.60-1.45) 1.03 (0.66-1.62) 0.79 (0.49-1.28) 0.46 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.94 (0.61-1.45) 1.05 (0.67-1.64) 0.82 (0.50-1.32) 0.54 
Umbelliferae ≤1.1/mo <1.9/mo <3.3/mo >3.3/mo  
    No. cases/controls 83/256 92/273 90/274 113/267  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 1.40 (0.88-2.24) 1.63 (1.02-2.60) 1.79 (1.11-2.90) 0.02 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 1.43 (0.89-2.29) 1.64 (1.02-2.63) 1.83 (1.13-2.97) 0.01 
Vitaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 33/42 345/1028    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.94 (0.49-1.78)   0.84 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.93 (0.49-1.77)   0.83 
Zingiberaceae ≤4/wk <5/wk <1/d ≥1/d  
    No. cases/controls 155/264 62/219 32/156 129/431  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.96 (0.60-1.56) 1.51 (0.83-2.74) 1.06 (0.73-1.53) 0.64 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.97 (0.60-1.58) 1.52 (0.84-2.76) 1.05 (0.73-1.52) 0.66 
Quartiles of intake
Servings per day1234P for trend
Araliaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 286/861 92/209    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 1.56 (1.07-2.29)   0.03 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 1.59 (1.08-2.34)   0.02 
Compositae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 25/31 353/1039    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.58 (0.29-1.18)   0.13 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.58 (0.28-1.17)   0.13 
Convovulaceae/ Dioscoreaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 99/305 279/765    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.92 (0.65-1.30)   0.64 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.94 (0.66-1.33)   0.72 
Crucifeae ≤3.1/wk <4.8/wk <1.04/d ≥1.04/d  
    No. cases/controls 98/269 98/267 103/269 79/265  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 1.22 (0.76-1.95) 1.19 (0.72-1.95) 1.04 (0.60-1.81) 0.93 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 1.24 (0.77-1.99) 1.21 (0.74-2.00) 1.08 (0.62-1.89) 0.83 
Cucurbitaceae ≤2.8/wk <3.6/wk <4.7/wk ≥4.7/wk  
    No. cases/controls 119/268 95/267 90/268 74/267  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.84 (0.52-1.33) 0.81 (0.48-1.35) 0.73 (0.43-1.24) 0.27 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.84 (0.53-1.35) 0.81 (0.49-1.37) 0.74 (0.43-1.26) 0.29 
Ebenaceae ≤2/y <4/y ≥4/y   
    No. cases/controls 224/586 53/163 101/321   
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.89 (0.55-1.44) 0.60 (0.42-0.86)  0.006 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.88 (0.54-1.42) 0.60 (0.42-0.86)  0.006 
Laminariaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 117/248 261/822    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.78 (0.55-1.12)   0.18 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.79 (0.55-1.13)   0.19 
Liliaceae ≥3.2/mo <3/wk <1/d ≥1/d  
    No. cases/controls 135/267 94/272 84/273 65/258  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.65 (0.43-0.99) 1.40 (0.90-2.18) 0.81 (0.49-1.33) 0.86 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.65 (0.43-0.99) 1.39 (0.90-2.17) 0.80 (0.48-1.32) 0.89 
Musacea ≤8/y <2/mo <1/wk ≥1/wk  
    No. cases/controls 96/252 90/253 78/229 114/336  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 1.16 (0.74-1.83) 0.99 (0.62-1.56) 1.27 (0.82-1.98) 0.32 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 1.19 (0.75-1.87) 0.99 (0.62-1.57) 1.29 (0.83-2.01) 0.39 
Nymphaeaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 78/157 300/913    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.61 (0.41-0.92)   0.02 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.61 (0.40-0.91)   0.02 
Rosaceae ≤4.1/mo <1.9/wk <3.6/wk ≥3.6/wk  
    No. cases/controls 102/265 74/270 97/269 105/266  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.67 (0.42-1.10) 0.63 (0.39-1.01) 0.70 (0.42-1.18) 0.18 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.66 (0.40-1.07) 0.60 (0.37-0.97) 0.67 (0.40-1.13) 0.14 
Rutaceae ≤1.1/mo <2.9/mo <1/wk ≥1/wk  
    No. cases/controls 103/282 102/348 58/175 115/265  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.94 (0.61-1.45) 0.84 (0.50-1.42) 0.91 (0.58-1.43) 0.64 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.93 (0.60-1.44) 0.83 (0.48-1.40) 0.91 (0.58-1.43) 0.64 
Sapindaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 83/138 295/932    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.87 (0.58-1.30)   0.49 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.86 (0.58-1.29)   0.46 
Solanaceae ≤1.5/wk <2.5/wk <3.5/wk ≥3.5/wk  
    No. cases/controls 134/268 88/264 81/273 75/265  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.94 (0.60-1.45) 1.03 (0.66-1.62) 0.79 (0.49-1.28) 0.46 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.94 (0.61-1.45) 1.05 (0.67-1.64) 0.82 (0.50-1.32) 0.54 
Umbelliferae ≤1.1/mo <1.9/mo <3.3/mo >3.3/mo  
    No. cases/controls 83/256 92/273 90/274 113/267  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 1.40 (0.88-2.24) 1.63 (1.02-2.60) 1.79 (1.11-2.90) 0.02 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 1.43 (0.89-2.29) 1.64 (1.02-2.63) 1.83 (1.13-2.97) 0.01 
Vitaceae 0 >0    
    No. cases/controls 33/42 345/1028    
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.94 (0.49-1.78)   0.84 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.93 (0.49-1.77)   0.83 
Zingiberaceae ≤4/wk <5/wk <1/d ≥1/d  
    No. cases/controls 155/264 62/219 32/156 129/431  
    OR (95% CI)* 1.00 0.96 (0.60-1.56) 1.51 (0.83-2.74) 1.06 (0.73-1.53) 0.64 
    OR (95% CI)† 1.00 0.97 (0.60-1.58) 1.52 (0.84-2.76) 1.05 (0.73-1.52) 0.66 

NOTE: All analyses stratified by year of interview (1995-1996, 1997, 1998-1999, and 2000-2001), using conditional logistic regression.

*

Adjusted for age and total fruit and vegetable intake.

†

Adjusted for age, total fruit and vegetable intake, and breast-feeding.

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