Birthplace, timing of migration to the United States, and breast cancer risk in Hispanic women, by menopausal status
| . | Premenopausal women . | . | . | Postmenopausal women . | . | . | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Cases (n = 376) . | Controls (n = 482) . | Age-adjusted OR (95% CI) . | Cases (n = 615) . | Controls (n = 803) . | Age-adjusted OR (95% CI) . | ||||||
| Place of birth | ||||||||||||
| United States* | 176 | 146 | 1.0 | 326 | 281 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Foreign | 200 | 336 | 0.50 (0.38-0.67) | 289 | 522 | 0.48 (0.38-0.59) | ||||||
| Mexico | 117 | 225 | 0.44 (0.32-0.60) | 144 | 300 | 0.41 (0.32-0.53) | ||||||
| Central America | 50 | 81 | 0.52 (0.34-0.78) | 86 | 165 | 0.45 (0.33-0.61) | ||||||
| Cuba, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic | 8 | 11 | 0.61 (0.24-1.57) | 20 | 18 | 0.96 (0.50-1.85) | ||||||
| South America | 24 | 17 | 1.26 (0.65-2.45) | 33 | 38 | 0.75 (0.46-1.22) | ||||||
| Other | 1 | 2 | 0.44 (0.04-4.99) | 6 | 1 | 5.16 (0.62-43.14) | ||||||
| Type of residence before migration | ||||||||||||
| U.S.-born | 176 | 146 | 1.0 | 326 | 281 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Urban | 104 | 135 | 0.65 (0.46-0.91) | 134 | 226 | 0.51 (0.39-0.67) | ||||||
| Mixed urban and rural | 43 | 82 | 0.45 (0.29-0.69) | 78 | 154 | 0.44 (0.32-0.60) | ||||||
| Rural | 53 | 116 | 0.38 (0.26-0.56) | 76 | 141 | 0.46 (0.34-0.64) | ||||||
| Years of residence in the United States*,†,‡ | ||||||||||||
| U.S.-born | 166 | 140 | 1.0 | 311 | 255 | 1.0 | ||||||
| ≥40 | 9 | 6 | 1.17 (0.41-3.38) | 82 | 103 | 0.66 (0.47-0.92) | ||||||
| 30-39 | 25 | 20 | 0.99 (0.52-1.87) | 77 | 115 | 0.55 (0.39-0.76) | ||||||
| 20-29 | 57 | 77 | 0.62 (0.41-0.94) | 40 | 98 | 0.33 (0.22-0.50) | ||||||
| 10-19 | 66 | 134 | 0.43 (0.30-0.62) | 35 | 93 | 0.31 (0.20-0.47) | ||||||
| <10 | 25 | 65 | 0.34 (0.20-0.57) | 23 | 68 | 0.28 (0.17-0.46) | ||||||
| Ptrend < 0.01 | Ptrend < 0.01 | |||||||||||
| % of Life spent in the United States*,†,‡ | ||||||||||||
| 100% (U.S.-born) | 166 | 140 | 1.0 | 311 | 255 | 1.0 | ||||||
| 75-99% | 21 | 14 | 1.27 (0.62-2.60) | 37 | 41 | 0.74 (0.46-1.19) | ||||||
| 50-74% | 56 | 75 | 0.62 (0.41-0.94) | 113 | 180 | 0.52 (0.39-0.69) | ||||||
| 25-49% | 72 | 141 | 0.45 (0.31-0.65) | 65 | 143 | 0.37 (0.27-0.52) | ||||||
| <25% | 33 | 72 | 0.39 (0.25-0.63) | 42 | 113 | 0.31 (0.21-0.45) | ||||||
| Ptrend < 0.01 | Ptrend < 0.01 | |||||||||||
| Age at migration to the United States*,† | ||||||||||||
| U.S.-born | 166 | 140 | 1.0 | 311 | 255 | 1.0 | ||||||
| <10 | 17 | 13 | 1.14 (0.53-2.43) | 19 | 20 | 0.79 (0.41-1.51) | ||||||
| 10-19 | 47 | 58 | 0.72 (0.46-1.13) | 48 | 58 | 0.69 (0.45-1.05) | ||||||
| 20-29 | 64 | 121 | 0.48 (0.33-0.71) | 74 | 141 | 0.44 (0.31-0.61) | ||||||
| 30-39 | 44 | 90 | 0.40 (0.26-0.62) | 48 | 96 | 0.42 (0.28-0.61) | ||||||
| ≥40 | 10 | 20 | 0.35 (0.16-0.78) | 68 | 162 | 0.34 (0.25-0.48) | ||||||
| Ptrend < 0.01 | Ptrend < 0.01 | |||||||||||
| . | Premenopausal women . | . | . | Postmenopausal women . | . | . | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Cases (n = 376) . | Controls (n = 482) . | Age-adjusted OR (95% CI) . | Cases (n = 615) . | Controls (n = 803) . | Age-adjusted OR (95% CI) . | ||||||
| Place of birth | ||||||||||||
| United States* | 176 | 146 | 1.0 | 326 | 281 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Foreign | 200 | 336 | 0.50 (0.38-0.67) | 289 | 522 | 0.48 (0.38-0.59) | ||||||
| Mexico | 117 | 225 | 0.44 (0.32-0.60) | 144 | 300 | 0.41 (0.32-0.53) | ||||||
| Central America | 50 | 81 | 0.52 (0.34-0.78) | 86 | 165 | 0.45 (0.33-0.61) | ||||||
| Cuba, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic | 8 | 11 | 0.61 (0.24-1.57) | 20 | 18 | 0.96 (0.50-1.85) | ||||||
| South America | 24 | 17 | 1.26 (0.65-2.45) | 33 | 38 | 0.75 (0.46-1.22) | ||||||
| Other | 1 | 2 | 0.44 (0.04-4.99) | 6 | 1 | 5.16 (0.62-43.14) | ||||||
| Type of residence before migration | ||||||||||||
| U.S.-born | 176 | 146 | 1.0 | 326 | 281 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Urban | 104 | 135 | 0.65 (0.46-0.91) | 134 | 226 | 0.51 (0.39-0.67) | ||||||
| Mixed urban and rural | 43 | 82 | 0.45 (0.29-0.69) | 78 | 154 | 0.44 (0.32-0.60) | ||||||
| Rural | 53 | 116 | 0.38 (0.26-0.56) | 76 | 141 | 0.46 (0.34-0.64) | ||||||
| Years of residence in the United States*,†,‡ | ||||||||||||
| U.S.-born | 166 | 140 | 1.0 | 311 | 255 | 1.0 | ||||||
| ≥40 | 9 | 6 | 1.17 (0.41-3.38) | 82 | 103 | 0.66 (0.47-0.92) | ||||||
| 30-39 | 25 | 20 | 0.99 (0.52-1.87) | 77 | 115 | 0.55 (0.39-0.76) | ||||||
| 20-29 | 57 | 77 | 0.62 (0.41-0.94) | 40 | 98 | 0.33 (0.22-0.50) | ||||||
| 10-19 | 66 | 134 | 0.43 (0.30-0.62) | 35 | 93 | 0.31 (0.20-0.47) | ||||||
| <10 | 25 | 65 | 0.34 (0.20-0.57) | 23 | 68 | 0.28 (0.17-0.46) | ||||||
| Ptrend < 0.01 | Ptrend < 0.01 | |||||||||||
| % of Life spent in the United States*,†,‡ | ||||||||||||
| 100% (U.S.-born) | 166 | 140 | 1.0 | 311 | 255 | 1.0 | ||||||
| 75-99% | 21 | 14 | 1.27 (0.62-2.60) | 37 | 41 | 0.74 (0.46-1.19) | ||||||
| 50-74% | 56 | 75 | 0.62 (0.41-0.94) | 113 | 180 | 0.52 (0.39-0.69) | ||||||
| 25-49% | 72 | 141 | 0.45 (0.31-0.65) | 65 | 143 | 0.37 (0.27-0.52) | ||||||
| <25% | 33 | 72 | 0.39 (0.25-0.63) | 42 | 113 | 0.31 (0.21-0.45) | ||||||
| Ptrend < 0.01 | Ptrend < 0.01 | |||||||||||
| Age at migration to the United States*,† | ||||||||||||
| U.S.-born | 166 | 140 | 1.0 | 311 | 255 | 1.0 | ||||||
| <10 | 17 | 13 | 1.14 (0.53-2.43) | 19 | 20 | 0.79 (0.41-1.51) | ||||||
| 10-19 | 47 | 58 | 0.72 (0.46-1.13) | 48 | 58 | 0.69 (0.45-1.05) | ||||||
| 20-29 | 64 | 121 | 0.48 (0.33-0.71) | 74 | 141 | 0.44 (0.31-0.61) | ||||||
| 30-39 | 44 | 90 | 0.40 (0.26-0.62) | 48 | 96 | 0.42 (0.28-0.61) | ||||||
| ≥40 | 10 | 20 | 0.35 (0.16-0.78) | 68 | 162 | 0.34 (0.25-0.48) | ||||||
| Ptrend < 0.01 | Ptrend < 0.01 | |||||||||||
U.S.-born reference group includes women born in the United States or other Western countries (i.e., Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand).
Excludes women with two or more lifetime moves between the United States and foreign countries.
Includes time spent in United States and other Western countries.