American Association for Cancer Research

Table 3.

Correlation matrix of dietary isoflavones and fiber (non-starch polysaccharides) intake from 7-day food diaries and urinary and serum phytoestrogen levels (n = 284–333)

		Dietary intake from 7-day food diaries
				Daidzein (μg/day)	Genistein (μg/day)	Isoflavones (μg/day)	Dietary fiber non-starch polysaccharides (g/d)
Urinary levels (μg/mmol creatinine)	Isoflavones	0.26*	0.26*	0.27*	0.00
		Daidzein	0.26*	0.27*	0.27*	0.03
		Genistein	0.29*	0.29*	0.30*	−0.01
		Glycitein	0.21*	0.21*	0.21*	−0.06
		O-DMA	0.17^†	0.19*	0.20*	−0.04
		Equol	0.09	0.10	0.10	−0.04
		Lignans	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.17^†
		Enterodiol	0.14^‡	0.14^†	0.13^†	0.13^†
		Enterolactone	0.06	0.07	0.07	0.29*
Serum levels (ng/ml)	Isoflavones	0.29*	0.31*	0.31*	0.05
		Daidzein	0.25*	0.27*	0.27*	0.07
		Genistein	0.29*	0.32*	0.32*	0.05
		Glycitein	0.12^‡	0.12^‡	0.12^‡	−0.07
		O-DMA	0.21*	0.23*	0.24*	0.00
		Equol	0.14^‡	0.15^‡	0.15^†	0.04
		Lignans	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.23*
		Enterodiol	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.03
		Enterolactone	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.22*

		Dietary intake from 7-day food diaries
				Daidzein (μg/day)	Genistein (μg/day)	Isoflavones (μg/day)	Dietary fiber non-starch polysaccharides (g/d)
Urinary levels (μg/mmol creatinine)	Isoflavones	0.26*	0.26*	0.27*	0.00
		Daidzein	0.26*	0.27*	0.27*	0.03
		Genistein	0.29*	0.29*	0.30*	−0.01
		Glycitein	0.21*	0.21*	0.21*	−0.06
		O-DMA	0.17^†	0.19*	0.20*	−0.04
		Equol	0.09	0.10	0.10	−0.04
		Lignans	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.17^†
		Enterodiol	0.14^‡	0.14^†	0.13^†	0.13^†
		Enterolactone	0.06	0.07	0.07	0.29*
Serum levels (ng/ml)	Isoflavones	0.29*	0.31*	0.31*	0.05
		Daidzein	0.25*	0.27*	0.27*	0.07
		Genistein	0.29*	0.32*	0.32*	0.05
		Glycitein	0.12^‡	0.12^‡	0.12^‡	−0.07
		O-DMA	0.21*	0.23*	0.24*	0.00
		Equol	0.14^‡	0.15^‡	0.15^†	0.04
		Lignans	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.23*
		Enterodiol	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.03
		Enterolactone	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.22*

Note: Pearson correlation coefficients on log-transformed data. Correlation coefficients between dietary and urine and serum levels are indicated in bold of a particular phytoestrogens. Dietary fiber is used as a surrogate indicator of dietary lignan intake.

*P < 0.001.

†

P < 0.01.

‡

P < 0.05.

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