Dietary intake of fiber and dietary intake, urinary excretion (adjusted for creatinine concentration), and serum levels of phytoestrogens
| . | Geometric mean ± SD . | Range*,† . | Percentile† . | . | . | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | . | 25th . | 50th . | 75th . | |||||
| Dietary intake (μg/day), n = 331 | ||||||||||
| Isoflavones | ||||||||||
| Daidzein | 193.8 ± 2.4 | 0.4–6312.2 | 131.2 | 205.5 | 290.7 | |||||
| Genistein | 243.4 ± 2.2 | 3.5–7675.4 | 167.4 | 247.2 | 350.8 | |||||
| Fiber (g/day) | 13.3 ± 1.4 | 3.3–43.8 | 10.6 | 13.7 | 16.9 | |||||
| Urinary excretion (μg/mmol creatinine), n = 333 | ||||||||||
| Isoflavones | ||||||||||
| Daidzein | 16.0 ± 3.3 | ND to 833.0 | 7.7 | 17.2 | 37.3 | |||||
| Genistein | 8.6 ± 2.9 | ND to 489.9 | 3.8 | 7.9 | 19.3 | |||||
| Glycitein | 2.9 ± 2.4 | ND to 56.0 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 6.3 | |||||
| O-DMA | 0.8 ± 2.3 | ND to 226.3 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.3 | |||||
| Equol | 0.5 ± 2.1 | ND to 119.7 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.7 | |||||
| Lignans | ||||||||||
| Enterodiol | 7.8 ± 2.6 | ND to 438.5 | 3.5 | 7.8 | 16.1 | |||||
| Enterolactone | 78.5 ± 3.7 | ND to 9790.9 | 40.4 | 93.5 | 193.3 | |||||
| Serum levels (ng/ml), n = 284 | ||||||||||
| Isoflavones | ||||||||||
| Daidzein | 2.0 ± 3.4 | 0.1–44.8 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 4.5 | |||||
| Genistein | 4.1 ± 2.7 | ND to 159.7 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 8.5 | |||||
| Glycitein | 0.1 ± 1.2 | ND to 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||
| O-DMA | 0.1 ± 1.5 | ND to 31.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | |||||
| Equol | 0.2 ± 1.3 | ND to 8.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||
| Lignans | ||||||||||
| Enterodiol | 0.4 ± 1.4 | ND to 8.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | |||||
| Enterolactone | 3.8 ± 3.6 | ND to 388.1 | 2.3 | 4.5 | 8.7 | |||||
| . | Geometric mean ± SD . | Range*,† . | Percentile† . | . | . | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | . | 25th . | 50th . | 75th . | |||||
| Dietary intake (μg/day), n = 331 | ||||||||||
| Isoflavones | ||||||||||
| Daidzein | 193.8 ± 2.4 | 0.4–6312.2 | 131.2 | 205.5 | 290.7 | |||||
| Genistein | 243.4 ± 2.2 | 3.5–7675.4 | 167.4 | 247.2 | 350.8 | |||||
| Fiber (g/day) | 13.3 ± 1.4 | 3.3–43.8 | 10.6 | 13.7 | 16.9 | |||||
| Urinary excretion (μg/mmol creatinine), n = 333 | ||||||||||
| Isoflavones | ||||||||||
| Daidzein | 16.0 ± 3.3 | ND to 833.0 | 7.7 | 17.2 | 37.3 | |||||
| Genistein | 8.6 ± 2.9 | ND to 489.9 | 3.8 | 7.9 | 19.3 | |||||
| Glycitein | 2.9 ± 2.4 | ND to 56.0 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 6.3 | |||||
| O-DMA | 0.8 ± 2.3 | ND to 226.3 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.3 | |||||
| Equol | 0.5 ± 2.1 | ND to 119.7 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.7 | |||||
| Lignans | ||||||||||
| Enterodiol | 7.8 ± 2.6 | ND to 438.5 | 3.5 | 7.8 | 16.1 | |||||
| Enterolactone | 78.5 ± 3.7 | ND to 9790.9 | 40.4 | 93.5 | 193.3 | |||||
| Serum levels (ng/ml), n = 284 | ||||||||||
| Isoflavones | ||||||||||
| Daidzein | 2.0 ± 3.4 | 0.1–44.8 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 4.5 | |||||
| Genistein | 4.1 ± 2.7 | ND to 159.7 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 8.5 | |||||
| Glycitein | 0.1 ± 1.2 | ND to 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||
| O-DMA | 0.1 ± 1.5 | ND to 31.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | |||||
| Equol | 0.2 ± 1.3 | ND to 8.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||
| Lignans | ||||||||||
| Enterodiol | 0.4 ± 1.4 | ND to 8.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | |||||
| Enterolactone | 3.8 ± 3.6 | ND to 388.1 | 2.3 | 4.5 | 8.7 | |||||
*ND indicates that the analyte was not detected (i.e., zero value or value below the limit of detection of the assay). Limits of detection (ng/ml) for urine analyses by GC/MS after correction for dilution of sample were as follows: daidzein 1.9, genistein 1.9, glycitein 6.5, O-DMA 7.5, equol 1.9, enterodiol 1.8, and enterolactone 8.0. Limits of detection (ng/ml) for serum analyses by LC/MS after correction for concentration of sample were as follows: daidzein 0.04, genistein 0.06, glycitein 0.06, O-DMA 0.06, equol 0.11, enterodiol 0.08, and enterolactone 0.05.
Based on untransformed data.