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Tumor Biology

Studies that investigate the intercellular interactions and physiology governing tumor development and progression

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Latest in Tumor Biology
May 10 2022
Tumor Purity in Preclinical Mouse Tumor Models
Wubin Qian, Xiaobo Chen et al.
Tumor biology is determined not only by immortal cancer cells but also by the tumor microenvironment consisting of noncancerous cells and extracellular matrix, together they dictate the pathogenesis and response to treatments. Tumor purity is the proportion of cancer cells in a tumor. It is a fundamental property of ...
May 09 2022
Neoantigen Presentation and IFNγ Signaling on the Same Tumor-associated Macrophage are Necessary for CD4 T Cell–mediated Antitumor Activity in Mice
Ainhoa Perez-Diez, Xiangdong Liu et al.
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) promote tumor survival, angiogenesis, and metastases. Although they express MHC class II molecules, little is known about their ability to present tumor antigens to tumor-infiltrating CD4 T cells, and the consequences of such presentation. To answer these questions, we used a C57/BL10 ...
April 20 2022
BRCA1-Associated RING Domain-1 (BARD1) Loss and GBP1 Expression Enhance Sensitivity to DNA Damage in Ewing Sarcoma
Lisa M. Maurer, Jessica D. Daley et al.
Ewing sarcoma is a fusion oncoprotein–driven primary bone tumor. A subset of patients (∼10%) with Ewing sarcoma are known to harbor germline variants in a growing number of genes involved in DNA damage repair. We recently reported our discovery of a germline mutation in the DNA damage repair protein BARD1 ...
March 23 2022
Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR T Cells Are Superior to Multiple Myeloma-derived CAR T Cells in Preclinical Studies and May Be Combined with Gamma Secretase Inhibitors
Ana M. Metelo, Agnieszka Jozwik et al.
Multiple myeloma remains an incurable plasma cell malignancy despite the rapidly evolving treatment landscape. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeted against BCMA have recently shown great promise in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma; however, all patients ultimately still progress from their disease. Lack of CAR ...
March 21 2022
Stromal FAP Expression is Associated with MRI Visibility and Patient Survival in Prostate Cancer
Teijo Pellinen, Kevin Sandeman et al.
Some clinically significant prostate cancers are missed by MRI. We asked whether the tumor stroma in surgically treated localized prostate cancer lesions positive or negative with MRI are different in their cellular and molecular properties, and whether the differences are reflected to the clinical course of the disease.
February 10 2022
Resolving the Heterogeneous Tumor-Centric Cellular Neighborhood through Multiplexed, Spatial Paracrine Interactions in the Setting of Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Rachel L.G. Maus, Alexey A. Leontovich et al.
Direct interactions between tumor and immune cells mediate the antitumor effect of all modern cancer immunotherapeutic agents. Simultaneously, tumor cells have evolved mechanisms of evasion, including the downregulation of HLA-I, potentially disrupting the mechanism of action employed by many immune checkpoint inhibitors. ...
December 22 2021
The ADAM17-directed Inhibitory Antibody MEDI3622 Antagonizes Radiotherapy-induced VEGF Release and Sensitizes Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer for Radiotherapy
Fabienne Tschanz, Sabine Bender et al.
The cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR) depends on tumor cell and microenvironmental factors. Here, we investigated the role of IR-induced ADAM17 matrix metalloproteinase activity for the intercellular communication between tumor cells and the tumor vasculature in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor models. ...
November 22 2021
Dipeptidyl Peptidase (DPP)-4 Inhibitor Impairs the Outcomes of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus After Curative Resection for Colorectal Cancer
Akira Saito, Joji Kitayama et al.
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor (DPP-4i) has been shown to act either as a promoter or as a suppressor for cancer. Although epidemiologic studies suggest that DPP-4i does not correlate with the development of malignancies, its effects on cancer metastases are controversial. We evaluated the impact of DPP-4i on ...
November 03 2021
Nuclear Receptor 4A2 (NR4A2/NURR1) Regulates Autophagy and Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Mehrdad Zarei, Rupesh Shrestha et al.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and chemotherapy with gemcitabine has limited effects and is associated with development of drug resistance. Treatment of Panc1 and MiaPaca2 pancreatic cancer cells with gemcitabine induced expression of the orphan nuclear receptor ...
October 13 2021
HSP70 Inhibition Blocks Adaptive Resistance and Synergizes with MEK Inhibition for the Treatment of NRAS-Mutant Melanoma
Joshua L.D. Parris, Thibaut Barnoud et al.
NRAS-mutant melanoma is currently a challenge to treat. This is due to an absence of inhibitors directed against mutant NRAS, along with adaptive and acquired resistance of this tumor type to inhibitors in the MAPK pathway. Inhibitors to MEK have shown some promise for NRAS-mutant melanoma. In this work, we explored the ...
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