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AACR Journals Standard Abbreviations

Standard abbreviations do not need to be expanded at first mention. Standard abbreviations include all metric and SI abbreviations of units of measure used with a value (units without a value must be expanded), as well as the following terms:

In mass spectrometry | Buffers | Statistical Terms | Other Abreviations | Gene Names

In mass spectrometry

m/2 501 (M-15)
m/e	relative intensity.
λ	a chemical shift unit
M+	molecular ion

Buffers

Aces or ACES	2 [(2 amino 2 oxoethyl)amino]ethanesulfonic acid or N (2 acetamido) 2 aminoethanesulfonic acid
Ada or ADA	[(carbamoylmethyl)imino]diacetic acid or MDUL»N MDNM» (2 acetamido) 2 iminodiacetic acid
Bes or BES	N,N bis(2 hydroxyethyl) 2 aminoethanesulfonic acid
Bicine	N,N bis(2 hydroxyethyl)glycine
bis TRIS	2 [bis(2 hydroxyethyl)amino} 2 (hydroxymethyl) propane 1,3 diol or bis(2 hydroxyethyl)iminotris(hydroxymethyl)methane
CAPS	3 (cyclohexylamino)propanesulfonic acid
CDTA	1,2 cyclohexylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid
Chaps or CHAPS	3 [(3 chloamidopropyl)dimethylammonio] 1 propanesulfonic acid
CHAPSO	3 [(3 chloamidopropyl)dimethylammonio] 2 hydroxy 1 propanesulfonic acid
Ches or CHES	2 (cyclohexylamino)ethanesulfonic acid
EDTA	ededic acid (ethyl-enediaminetetraacetic acid)
EGTA	ethyleneglycoltetracetic acid
HEPES	4 (2 hydroxyethyl) 1 piperazineethanesulfonic acid or N 2 hydroxyethylpiperazine N' 2 ethanesulfonic acid
HEPPS	4 (2 hydroxyethyl) 1 piperazinepropanesulfonic acid or N 2 hydroxyethylpiperazine N' 3 propanesulfonic acid
MES	4 morpholineethanesulfonic acid or 2 (N morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid
MOPS	4 morpholinepropanesulfonic acid or 3 (N morpholino)propanesulfonic acid
PIPES	1,4'piperazinediethanesulfonic acid or piperazine N,N' bis(2 ethanesulfonic acid)
TAPS	3 {[2 hydroxy 1,1 bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]amino l propanesulfonic acid or 3 [tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]aminopropanesulfonic acid
TEMED	N,N,N',N' tetramethylethylenediamine
TES	2 {[2 hydroxy 1,l bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]amino) ethanesulfonic acid or N tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl 2 aminoethanesulfonic acid
Tricine	N [2 hydroxy 1,1 bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]glycine or
Tris	N tris(hydroxymethyl)methylglycine

Statistical terms

F	variance ratio symbol
HR	hazard ratio
P	probability
R2	regression coefficient
r	correlation coefficient
SD	standard deviation
SEM	standard error of the mean
–x	arithmetic mean

Other abbreviations and acronyms that do not need to be defined at first use

ABVD	doxorubicin, (known in this context by its proprietary name Adriamycin), bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine
ADP, dADP	adenosine diphosphate
AMP, dAMP	adenosine monophosphate
ANOVA	analysis of variance
ATP, dATP	adenosine triphosphate
bp	base pair(s)
CDP, cCDP	cytidine diphosphate
CMP, cCMP
CNBr	cyanogen bromide
cDNA	complementary DNA
CoA	coenzyme A
COOH	a functional group consisting of a carbonyl and a hydroxyl, which has the formula -C(=O)OH, usually written as COOH)
COX	cyclooxygenase
cRNA	complementary RNA; RNA that anneals to cellular DNA
CTL	cytotoxic T lymphocyte
CTP, dCTP	cytidine triphosphate, deoxycytidine triphosphate
cyclic ADP	adenosine 3',5' diphosphate
cyclic AMP	adenosine 3',5' monophosphate
dADP	the 5'(pyro)-diphosphates of adenosine, etc.
dAMP,	the 5'-phosphates of 2'-deoxyribosyl-adenine, etc.
dGMP,	the 5'(pyro)-triphosphates of adenosine, etc.
dIMP	dATP
dCMP,	-cytosine, -thymine, and -uracil
dTMP, dUMP
DHEA	dehydroepiandrosterone
DEAE	diethylaminoethyl
DNA, cDNA	deoxyribonucleic acid, complementary DNA
ELISA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EtOH	etomidate
FBS	fetal bovine serum
FISH	fluorescence in situ hybridization
GDP, dGDP	guanine-diphosphate
GMP, dGMP	guanine-monophosphate
GTP, dGTP	guanine-triphosphate
GVHD	graft-versus-host disease
HER2	human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
HSP	heat shock protein
IC50	half maximal inhibitory concentration
IDP, dIDP	inosine diphosphate
IFN	interferon
IMP, dIMP	inosine monophosphate
IR	infrared
ITP, dITP	inosine triphosphate
LNCaP	[cell line]
LOH	loss of heterozygosity
MDR	multiple drug resistance
MHC	major histocompatibility complex
MOPP	mechlorethamine, vincristine (known in this context under its proprietary name Oncovin), prednisone, and procarbazine hydrochloride
Mre11	[complex of proteins]
-Rad50-Nbs1
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
MTS	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
MTT	3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
NAD	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADH
NADP
NADPH	nicotinamide adnine dinucleotide phosphate
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
PARP	[poly (ADP-ripose) polymerase]
PBS	phosphate buffered saline
PCR	polymerase chain reaction
POPOP	1,4 bis[Isqb]2 (5 phenyloxazolyl)[rsqb]benzene
PPAR	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PPO	2,5 diphenyloxazole
Pi, PPi	orthophosphate, pyrophosphate
rDNA	ribosomal DNA
Rf	retardation factor
RFLP	restriction fragment length polymorphism
RIA	radioimmunoassay
RKO cells
RNA, aRNA, mRNA, nRNA, siRNA, tRNA
Rnase, DNase
RPMI	Roswell Park Memorial Institute
rRNA	spell out as "Ribosomal RNA" in title only
SDS	sodium dodecyl sulfate
SDS PAGE	sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
sRNA	soluble RNA; change to tRNA and query: ?/Au: Changed to agree with IUPAC
SSC
ssDNA	single stranded DNA
STAT3	signal transducers and activators of transcription 3
SV40	standard saline citrate
TBS	Tris buffered saline
TDP, dTDP
TEAE	triethylaminoethyl
TGF	transforming growth factor
TMP, dTMP
TNF	tumor necrosis factor
TTP, dTTP
UDP, dUD
PUMP, dUMP
UmpG	02' methyluridine (3',5' phospho)guanosine
UTP, dUTP
U.S.	Abbreviate United States when used as an adjective only
USP units
USPHS	United States Public Health Service
UTP
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
UV	ultraviolet
w/v	weight per volume
w/w	weight for weight

Gene Names

Gene names, when used as such, can remain in abbreviated form. Below are some of the most common gene names. If the context seems to indicate that the term is a gene name but you are unsure, it might be a good idea to search the term in the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee.

AKT, Akt	GSK	MEPE
ErbB3	Notch1	ECM
Her-2	Wnt	GLI
PTEN	RET	Shh

AACR Journals Standard Abbreviations

AACR Journals

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