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Screening and biomarker identification have improved prostate cancer outcomes, but prostate cancer progression remains a critical challenge. Mitochondria have garnered increasing attention in prostate and other cancers, and metabolic and non-metabolic mitochondrial contributions to cancer merit further investigation. In their study, Furnish and colleagues found that mitochondrial Rho GTPase 2 (MIRO2) expression is upregulated in recurrent and progressive prostate cancer, and that MIRO2 depletion via shRNA abrogates prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. The authors identified MIRO2 protein interactors using MIRO2 immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry and revealed general control nonderepressible (GCN1) is a MIRO2 binding partner. Mechanistically, the authors showed that MIRO2 facilitates GCN1-mediated activation of GCN2, which results in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) phosphorylation and transcriptional upregulation of transcriptional activator 4 (ATF4). Immunohistochemistry data from prostate cancer xenografts implicated HIF1α as an oncogenic MIRO2 regulator. Overall, this work presents a previously unknown...