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Health Disparities and Outcomes Research

Studies that investigate the cause and impact of differences in patient group outcomes, cancer survivorship, and the development of health policy from individual or population-level perspectives with a focus on health disparities

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Latest in Health Disparities and Outcomes Research
September 28 2023
Universal Viral Screening of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Cancer in the United States: A Cost-efficiency Evaluation
Riha Vaidya, Joseph M. Unger et al.
Recommendations for universal screening of patients with cancer for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are inconsistent. A recent multisite screening study (S1204) from the SWOG Cancer Research Network found that a substantial number of patients with newly diagnosed ...
September 22 2023
Marijuana and Cannabidiol Use Prevalence and Symptom Management Among Patients with Cancer
Theodore M. Brasky, Alison M. Newton et al.
Symptoms such as pain, nausea, and anxiety are common in individuals with cancer. Treatment of these issues is often challenging. Cannabis products may be helpful in reducing the severity of these symptoms. While some studies include data on the prevalence of cannabis use among patients with cancer, detailed data remain ...
September 12 2023
Association of Employment Disruptions and Financial Hardship Among Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer in the United States: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study
Michael T. Halpern, Janet S. de Moor et al.
Financial hardship (FH), defined as adverse patient effects due to cancer costs, is experienced by approximately half of individuals diagnosed with cancer. Many individuals diagnosed with cancer also experience disruptions with their employment. This study examines associations of employment disruptions and FH among a ...
September 11 2023
Effect of Test History at Ages 50–64 on Later Cervical Cancer Risk: A Population-based Case–control Study
Henric Kultalahti, Sirpa Heinävaara et al.
As life expectancy increases, the effectiveness of cervical cancer screening programs needs to be reassessed for the older population. We addressed the effect of test history in and outside organized screening at age 50–64 years on later cervical cancer risk. A case–control study was conducted by deriving 229 cases of ...
August 29 2023
A Survey of Cancer Risk Behaviors, Beliefs, and Social Drivers of Health in New Hampshire and Vermont
Thomas A. Skipper, Julie E. Weiss et al.
Compared with urban areas, rural areas have higher cancer mortality and have experienced substantially smaller declines in cancer incidence in recent years. In a New Hampshire (NH) and Vermont (VT) survey, we explored the roles of rurality and educational attainment on cancer risk behaviors, beliefs, and other social ...
July 05 2023
Evaluating Work Impairment as a Source of Financial Toxicity in Cancer Healthcare and Negative Impacts on Health Status
Dinesh Pal Mudaranthakam, Nicole Nollen et al.
How the socioeconomic factors intersect for a particular patient can determine their susceptibility to financial toxicity, what costs they will encounter during treatment, the type and quality of their care, and the potential work impairments they face. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate financial factors ...
June 22 2023
A Mendelian Randomization Analysis of 55 Genetically Predicted Metabolic Traits with Breast Cancer Survival Outcomes in the Pathways Study
Peter N. Fiorica, Haiyang Sheng et al.
Previous studies suggest associations of metabolic syndromes with breast cancer prognosis, yet the evidence is mixed. In recent years, the maturation of genome-wide association study findings has led to the development of polygenic scores (PGS) for many common traits, making it feasible to use Mendelian randomization to ...
April 03 2023
Perceived Appropriateness of Assessing for Health-related Socioeconomic Risks Among Adult Patients with Cancer
Milkie Vu, Kelly Boyd et al.
Cancer treatment can trigger or exacerbate health-related socioeconomic risks (HRSR; food/housing insecurity, transportation/utilities difficulties, and interpersonal violence). The American Cancer Society and National Cancer Institute recommend HRSR screening and referral, but little research has examined the perceptions ...
November 17 2022
Boosting of Waned Humoral and Cellular Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Among Patients with Cancer
Duncan R. McKenzie, Rosalind Graham et al.
This study offers longitudinal insight into the impact of three SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations on humoral and cellular immunity in patients with solid cancers, patients with hematologic malignancies, and persons without cancer. For all cohorts, virus-neutralizing immunity was significantly depleted over a period of up to 9 ...
September 08 2022
A Ketogenic Diet in Combination with Gemcitabine Increases Survival in Pancreatic Cancer KPC Mice
Natalia E. Cortez, Cecilia Rodriguez Lanzi et al.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to be a major health problem. A ketogenic diet (KD), characterized by a very low carbohydrate and high fat composition, has gained attention for its antitumor potential. We evaluated the effect and mechanisms of feeding a strict KD alone or in combination with gemcitabine ...
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