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Epidemiology and Prevention

Population-level studies that investigate the genetic and environmental risk factors of cancer and their application in disease prevention and interception

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Latest in Epidemiology and Prevention
May 24 2023
Antidepressant use and lung cancer risk and survival: A meta-analysis of observational studies
Eunkyung Lee, Yongho Park et al.
Recent preclinical studies have linked antidepressants (ADs) to their potential anticancer effects in multiple cancers, but the impact on lung cancer remains unclear. This meta-analysis examined the associations between ADs and lung cancer incidence and survival. The Web of Science, Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases ...
May 16 2023
Prediagnostic CT or MRI Utilization and Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: SEER-Medicare Database Analysis
Mohammad A. Karim, Amit G. Singal et al.
Ultrasound-based surveillance has suboptimal sensitivity for early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection, generating interest in alternative surveillance modalities. We aim to investigate the association between prediagnostic CT or MRI and overall survival in a contemporary cohort of patients with HCC. Using the ...
May 08 2023
Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Vinay Jain, Divyashri Baraniya et al.
Studies on the microbiome of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been limited to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Here, laser microdissection coupled with brute-force, deep metatranscriptome sequencing was employed to simultaneously characterize the microbiome and host transcriptomes and predict their interaction in OSCC. ...
May 02 2023
Interethnic Differences in Bladder Cancer Incidence and the Association between Type 2 Diabetes and Bladder Cancer in the Multiethnic Cohort Study
David Bogumil, Victoria K. Cortessis et al.
Research on the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and bladder cancer (BCA) risk among non-European ancestry populations is sparse to nonexistent, and most prior studies rely on a single baseline assessment of T2D status.
May 01 2023
Multiple Germline Events Contribute to Cancer Development in Patients with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
Vallijah Subasri, Nicholas Light et al.
Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is an autosomal dominant cancer-predisposition disorder. Approximately 70% of individuals who fit the clinical definition of LFS harbor a pathogenic germline variant in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene. However, the remaining 30% of patients lack a TP53 variant and even among variant TP53 ...
April 18 2023
African American Prostate Cancer Displays Quantitatively Distinct Vitamin D Receptor Cistrome-transcriptome Relationships Regulated by BAZ1A
Manjunath Siddappa, Shahid Hussain et al.
African American (AA) prostate cancer associates with vitamin D3 deficiency, but vitamin D receptor (VDR) genomic actions have not been investigated in this context. We undertook VDR proteogenomic analyses in European American (EA) and AA prostate cell lines and four clinical cohorts. Rapid immunoprecipitation mass ...
April 06 2023
Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Preoperative Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy in Patients with Early-onset Rectal Cancer
Jasleen K. Badesha, Marilyn Zhou et al.
Preoperative radiotherapy for early-stage rectal cancer has risks and benefits that may impact treatment choice in young patients. We reviewed radiotherapy use and outcomes for rectal cancer by age. Patients with early-stage rectal cancer in the Canadian province of British Columbia from 2002 to 2016 were identified (n = ...
March 28 2023
Probabilistic Mixture Models Improve Calibration of Panel-derived Tumor Mutational Burden in the Context of both Tumor-normal and Tumor-only Sequencing
Jordan Anaya, John-William Sidhom et al.
Tumor mutational burden (TMB) has been investigated as a biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Increasingly, TMB is being estimated with gene panel–based assays (as opposed to full exome sequencing) and different gene panels cover overlapping but distinct genomic coordinates, making comparisons across ...
March 22 2023
Predicting Cancer Risk from Germline Whole-exome Sequencing Data Using a Novel Context-based Variant Aggregation Approach
Zoe Guan, Colin B. Begg et al.
Many studies have shown that the distributions of the genomic, nucleotide, and epigenetic contexts of somatic variants in tumors are informative of cancer etiology. Recently, a new direction of research has focused on extracting signals from the contexts of germline variants and evidence has emerged that patterns defined ...
March 07 2023
Association Between Recreational Physical Activity and mTOR Signaling Pathway Protein Expression in Breast Tumor Tissue
Ting-Yuan David Cheng, Runzhi Zhang et al.
Physical activity (PA) is associated with decreased signaling in the mTOR pathway in animal models of mammary cancer, which may indicate favorable outcomes. We examined the association between PA and protein expression in the mTOR signaling pathway in breast tumor tissue. Data on 739 patients with breast cancer, among ...
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