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Research Articles|
March 31 2011
A Sex-Specific Association between a 15q25 Variant and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers
Dan Chen;
Dan Chen
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Therese Truong;
Therese Truong
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Valerie Gaborieau;
Valerie Gaborieau
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Graham Byrnes;
Graham Byrnes
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Amelie Chabrier;
Amelie Chabrier
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Shu-chun Chuang;
Shu-chun Chuang
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Andrew F. Olshan;
Andrew F. Olshan
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Mark C. Weissler;
Mark C. Weissler
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Jingchun Luo;
Jingchun Luo
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Marjorie Romkes;
Marjorie Romkes
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Shama Buch;
Shama Buch
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Tomoko Nukui;
Tomoko Nukui
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Silvia Franceschi;
Silvia Franceschi
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Rolando Herrero;
Rolando Herrero
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Renato Talamini;
Renato Talamini
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Karl T. Kelsey;
Karl T. Kelsey
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Brock Christensen;
Brock Christensen
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Michael D. McClean;
Michael D. McClean
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Martin Lacko;
Martin Lacko
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Johannes J. Manni;
Johannes J. Manni
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Wilbert H. M. Peters;
Wilbert H. M. Peters
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Jan Lubiński;
Jan Lubiński
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Joanna Trubicka;
Joanna Trubicka
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Marcin Lener;
Marcin Lener
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Joshua E. Muscat;
Joshua E. Muscat
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Philip Lazarus;
Philip Lazarus
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Qingyi Wei;
Qingyi Wei
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Erich M. Sturgis;
Erich M. Sturgis
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Zuo-Feng Zhang;
Zuo-Feng Zhang
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Shen-Chih Chang;
Shen-Chih Chang
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Renyi Wang;
Renyi Wang
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Stephen M. Schwartz;
Stephen M. Schwartz
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Chu Chen;
Chu Chen
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Simone Benhamou;
Simone Benhamou
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Pagona Lagiou;
Pagona Lagiou
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Ivana Holcátová;
Ivana Holcátová
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Lorenzo Richiardi;
Lorenzo Richiardi
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Kristina Kjaerheim;
Kristina Kjaerheim
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Antonio Agudo;
Antonio Agudo
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Xavier Castellsagué;
Xavier Castellsagué
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Tatiana V. Macfarlane;
Tatiana V. Macfarlane
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Luigi Barzan;
Luigi Barzan
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Cristina Canova;
Cristina Canova
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Nalin S. Thakker;
Nalin S. Thakker
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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David I. Conway;
David I. Conway
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Ariana Znaor;
Ariana Znaor
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Claire M. Healy;
Claire M. Healy
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Wolfgang Ahrens;
Wolfgang Ahrens
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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David Zaridze;
David Zaridze
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Neonila Szeszenia-Dabrowska;
Neonila Szeszenia-Dabrowska
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Jolanta Lissowska;
Jolanta Lissowska
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Eleonora Fabianova;
Eleonora Fabianova
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Alexandru Bucur;
Alexandru Bucur
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Vladimir Bencko;
Vladimir Bencko
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Lenka Foretova;
Lenka Foretova
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Vladimir Janout;
Vladimir Janout
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Maria Paula Curado;
Maria Paula Curado
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Sergio Koifman;
Sergio Koifman
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Ana Menezes;
Ana Menezes
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Victor Wünsch-Filho;
Victor Wünsch-Filho
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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José Eluf-Neto;
José Eluf-Neto
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Leticia Fernandez;
Leticia Fernandez
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Stefania Boccia;
Stefania Boccia
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Mia Hashibe;
Mia Hashibe
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Richard B. Hayes;
Richard B. Hayes
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Paolo Boffetta;
Paolo Boffetta
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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Paul Brennan;
Paul Brennan
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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James D. McKay
James D. McKay
Authors' Affiliations: 1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 2Gillings School of Global Public Health; 3School of Medicine; 4Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; and 5Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Site, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 7Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica; 8National Cancer Institute, IRCSS, Aviano, Italy; 9Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; 10Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Site, Maastricht; and 12Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Site, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; 13Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Site, Szczecin, Poland; 14Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; 15University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Site, Houston, Texas; 16University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Site, Seattle, Washington; 18INSERM U946, Paris; 19CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; 20University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; 21Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; 22Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 23Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; 24Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona; and 25Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica - CIBERESP), Spain; 26School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; 27General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone; 28Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 29MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, D, Imperial College School of Medicine (NHLI), London and; 30University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; 31University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, Scotland; 32Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 33Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; 34Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; 35Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Site, Moscow, Russia; 36Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz; 37The M Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; 38Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 39Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; 40Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno; and 41Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 42Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Rio de Janeiro; 43Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas; and 44Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 45Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Havana, Cuba; 46Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; and 47IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; 48University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; 49NYU Langone Medical Center New York; and 50The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; and 51International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
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