Regulatory T cells Inhibit CAR T-cell Activity via the BTLA–HVEM Axis Available to Purchase

Major Finding: The BTLA–HVEM immune checkpoint suppresses CAR T-cell activation and therapeutic effector function.

Concept: BTLA binds HVEM on regulatory T cells and recruits SHP-1/2 phosphatases to inhibit CAR T-cell signaling.

Impact: Targeting BTLA may improve the efficacy of CAR T-cell immunotherapy in cancers with high HVEM expression.