A precision engineered interleukin-2 (IL-2) for bolstering CD8+ T- and NK-cell activity without eosinophilia and vascular leak syndrome in non-human primates

We have created a precisely pegylated IL-2 [SAR-444245 (SAR’245) or pegenzileukin, previously THOR- 707] designed for proliferation of target CD8+ T and NK cells for anti-cancer activity, with minimal expansion of anti-target regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs) that counter their action, or eosinophils that trigger vascular leak syndrome (VLS). We performed in vivo studies in non-human primate (NHP) to monitor SAR’245’s safety, pharmacokinetic profile, and pharmacodynamic parameters including expansion of peripheral CD8+ T and NK cells, and effects on Tregs and eosinophils. Studies included multiple ascending dosing and repeat dosing with different regimens (QW, Q2W, Q3W and Q4W). We also conducted ex vivo studies using human primary cells to further evaluate SAR’245 stimulation of target cells alone and in combination with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors. The pharmacokinetic profile of SAR’245 in NHP demonstrated dose-proportional exposure that was comparable with redosing. It elicited expansion of peripheral CD8+ T and NK cells that was comparable with each dose and with multiple dosing regimens. Once-weekly dosing showed no significant adverse effects, including no hallmark signs of VLS at dosing levels up to 1 mg/kg. Ex vivo, SAR’245 enhanced T-cell receptor responses alone and in combination with PD-1 inhibitors without inducing cytokines associated with cytokine release syndrome or VLS. Results support the clinical development of SAR’245 as a drug candidate for the treatment of solid tumors, alone or in combination with PD-1 inhibitory agents.