Kinases are master regulators of cell signaling networks that are frequently dysregulated in cancer, and members of the kinome family have been successfully targeted for therapeutic benefit. In this figure, the activity, cellular requirement, disease association, availability of protein structures and drugs, and research publications associated with each of the 535 members of the human protein kinome are displayed. It highlights how most research attention has been focused on relatively small subsets of the kinome. In the associated resource-based review, the authors discuss their current understanding of the human protein kinome, highlight emerging and overlooked areas, and describe key aspects of kinase signaling biology and some of the challenges associated with treating perturbed kinase networks in patients. For details, see article by Wilson and colleagues on page 15.