Fate of Melanoma Cells Entering the Microcirculation: Over 80% Survive and Extravasate

Koop, Sahadia; MacDonald, Ian C.; Luzzi, Keith; Schmidt, Eric E.; Morris, Vincent L.; Grattan, Marsha; Khokha, Rama; Chambers, Ann F.; Groom, Alan C.

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Articles| June 01 1995

Fate of Melanoma Cells Entering the Microcirculation: Over 80% Survive and Extravasate^¹

Sahadia Koop;

Sahadia Koop

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Ian C. MacDonald;

Ian C. MacDonald

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Keith Luzzi;

Keith Luzzi

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Eric E. Schmidt;

Eric E. Schmidt

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Vincent L. Morris;

Vincent L. Morris

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Marsha Grattan;

Marsha Grattan

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Rama Khokha;

Rama Khokha

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Ann F. Chambers;

Ann F. Chambers

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Alan C. Groom

Departments of Medical Biophysics [S. K., I. C. M., K. L., E. E. S., V. L. M., A. F. C., A. C. G.], Oncology [V. L. M., R. K., A. F. C.], Biochemistry [R. K.], and Microbiology and Immunology [V. L. M., M. G., A. F. C.], University of Western Ontario

,

London, Ontario N6A 5C1

;

London Regional Cancer Centre

,

London, Ontario N6A 4L6 [R. K., A. F. C.]

; and

John P. Robarts Research Institute

,

London, Ontario N6A 5K8 [A. C. G.]

,

Canada

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Author & Article Information

²

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Medical Biophysics, Health Sciences Center, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.

Received: April 06 1995

Accepted: May 05 1995

Online ISSN: 1538-7445

Print ISSN: 0008-5472

1995

American Association for Cancer Research, Inc.

Cancer Res (1995) 55 (12): 2520–2523.

Abstract

Metastasis is an inefficient process; only a few cancer cells are able to form tumors after being released into the circulation. We studied the fate of cancer cells after injection into the circulation, quantifying their survival and ability to extravasate by 1 day later. B16F10 cells, parental or transfectants overexpressing tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1, were injected i.v. into chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos and analyzed by intravital videomicroscopy. Cell survival was quantified in two ways: (a) 15-µm microspheres were injected with cancer cells, and proportions of viable cells to microspheres were compared before and after injection; and (b) individual cancer cells were monitored continuously for 0.5–8-h intervals covering the first 24 h. Both methods showed virtually no destruction of cells. Greater than 80% of injected cells survived and extravasated by 24 h, indicating that growth after extravasation is a key stage of metastatic control.

¹

This work was supported by National Cancer Institute of Canada Grant 3876 and Cancer Research Society Inc. S. K. is supported by a Scholarship from Fundação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior, Brazil. A. F. C. is a Career Scientist of the Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation. R. K. is a Medical Research Council Scholar.

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1995

American Association for Cancer Research, Inc.

Fate of Melanoma Cells Entering the Microcirculation: Over 80% Survive and Extravasate^¹

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Fate of Melanoma Cells Entering the Microcirculation: Over 80% Survive and Extravasate^¹