Issues

Obesity and poor diet are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer. In the study starting on page 415, Arnone and colleagues investigated the impact of key nutritional factors by modifying fat source (lard, coconut oil, safflower oil, or flaxseed oil) or dietary sugar content on the gut microbiome, mammary gland inflammation, and carcinogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis risk in preclinical murine models. The cover image is adapted from Fig. 3D, showing consumption of a high-fat lard-based diet increased M1-like macrophages within the mammary gland tissue, which was not observed in animals consuming a high-fat lard + flaxseed oil diet. These data suggest that the addition of n-3 PUFA into a high-fat diet reduces mammary gland inflammation and potentially attenuates tumor formation.