Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Patients with the genetic disorder Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) develop hundreds to thousands of polyps that unless removed by prophylactic colectomy will progress to CRC at an early age. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and ω-3 marine fish oils, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have been evaluated for their chemopreventive potential in delaying the onset of CRC in high-risk patients. In this study, we determined whether the NSAID, naproxen, alone or in combination with a chemically-stable form of EPA (TP-252), affects tumor formation in the ApcPirc rat model. Rats fed a combination of naproxen and TP-252 exhibited a 95% reduction in tumor formation and a 98% reduction in tumor volume, respectively. To elucidate potential mechanisms of tumor protection, a comprehensive lipidomic analysis was performed on colonic mucosa to determine changes in eicosanoid metabolism. Animals receiving TP-252 alone or in combination with naproxen had significantly reduced mucosal levels of pro-inflammatory ω-6 eicosanoids (PGE2, 5-HETE, and 14,15-DiHETrE), along with a simultaneous increase in anti-inflammatory EPA-derived ω-3 eicosanoids. Our colonic mucosal lipidomic analysis also uncovered several potential pharmacodynamic (PD) lipid biomarkers, including resolvin E2, 9-HEPE, 12-HEPE and 18-HEPE, that were increased in both the tissue and plasma of rats receiving TP-252 and were significantly correlated with tumor protection. Further studies with this drug combination should be focused on dose optimization and the role of EPA-derived lipid mediators in CRC initiation and progression.
Citation Format: Ryan Beach, Yuichiro Hatano, Yong Qiao, James Grady, Shizuko Sei, Altaf Mohammed, Daniel W. Rosenberg. Combination of naproxen and a novel chemically-stable eicosapentaenoic acid analogue provide synergistic tumor protection in Pirc rats [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second Biennial NCI Meeting: Translational Advances in Cancer Prevention Agent Development (TACPAD); 2022 Sep 7-9. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2022;15(12 Suppl_2): Abstract nr IA002.
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