Abstract
Traditional approaches to cancer prevention and early detection include population approaches that involve legislation, policy, and social change. These approaches have been extremely effective in many areas including limiting tobacco use, implementing cancer preventive vaccination, and population cancer-screening strategies. Despite their success, some cancers are not readily prevented or detected early by these strategies, and alternative approaches that complement population interventions should be considered. Like the advent of precision medicine, precision prevention and early detection can be developed that build on our substantial knowledge of carcinogenic mechanisms, genetic susceptibility, the effects of extreme environmental exposures, and the natural history of cancers from preneoplasia to invasive cancer. These precision strategies aim to identify groups that may experience optimal benefit from interventions with minimal toxicities. Numerous examples of precision prevention currently exist, including the use of preventive surgery in individuals who have inherited a high-penetrance mutation (e.g., BRCA1, BRCA2, APC) or individuals who have been diagnosed with a preneoplastic lesion that may have a molecular profile that can be monitored over time to identify hallmarks of disease progression and provide opportunities for timely intervention. This presentation will provide an overview of precision prevention and early-detection principles as well as examples of targeted interventions that may minimize the cancer burden in defined high-risk groups.
Citation Format: Timothy R. Rebbeck. New concepts in precision prevention [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Environmental Carcinogenesis: Potential Pathway to Cancer Prevention; 2019 Jun 22-24; Charlotte, NC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2020;13(7 Suppl): Abstract nr IA02.
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