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Gene expression signatures associated with precursor states for multiple myeloma could enable earlier diagnosis and intervention with targeted therapies. Multiple myeloma is typically preceded by the appearance of well-defined abnormalities in the plasma cell population, but the scarcity of these abnormal cells has confounded efforts to understand which patients exhibiting those phenotypes will ultimately progress. Boiarsky et al. overcame this challenge by performing single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of tens of thousands of plasma cells from dozens of patients. By comparing pre-malignant cells to healthy controls, they identified distinctive patterns of gene activity that correlate with onset of multiple myeloma. Some of these include pathways that can potentially be targeted with already-available drugs to prevent onset of malignancy.

Boiarsky R, … Getz G. Nat Commun. 2022 Nov 17;13(1):7040.

Liquid biopsy...