ILC3–T cell interactions regulate the gut microbiota (from Fig. 1C of Hakozaki et al., Cancer Immunol Res 2020)

Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) regulate host–microbe interactions in the intestines, but whether they have a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not known. Goc et al. show that ILC3s in human and mouse CRC are dysregulated. In mice, this reduces ILC3 interactions with CD4+ T cells, which decreases gut colonization by microbiota that induce type-1 immunity and thereby promotes CRC progression and resistance to PD-1 blockade. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have dysregulated ILC3s and microbiota that do not induce type-1 immunity when transferred to mice, but rather promote CRC resistance to PD-1 blockade. The data identify new avenues for immunotherapeutic intervention.

Goc J, …, Sonnenberg GF. Cell 2021 Aug 17. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.029.

Autologous TIL ACT is effective and safe (by Shyamal via Wikimedia Commons)

Adoptive cell therapy...

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